Skip to main content
Log in

A double-head photon-counting photometer for fast timing observations

  • Published:
Astronomy Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The structure of the electronics of the two-head, high-speed photometer operating on the 152-cm G.D. Cassini telescope of Bologna University has been fully redesigned for high-time-resolution observations of fast variable sources, in particular, of the optical counterparts of X-ray binary systems. The fast photometer now permits sampling times from 0.1 ms to 100 s. The handling of the system clock and I/O configuration have been modified to provide rigorous synchronization of the sampling time with an external high-stability clock and the continuous acquisition of an uninterrupted data stream. The continuous data-acquisition process, which is driven by an external clock, is limited only by the capacity of the hard disk and is supported by a double-buffer SRAM memory designed to overcome any discontinuity in the asynchronous communication with the computer. Real-time monitoring of the data enables continuous evaluation of the weather conditions, and the directly displayed light curve can be used to determine the optimal management of the observations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. F. Giovannelli and L. Sabau-Graziati, Astrophys. Space Sci. 276, 67 (2001).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. J. Kristian, C. R. Pennypacker, M. A. Middletich, et al., Nature 338, 234 (1989).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. B. Warner, in IAU Colloquium No 15, 1972, p. 144.

  4. F. Giovannelli, Space Sci. Rev. 30, 213 (1981).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. F. Giovannelli and G. Martinez-Pais, Space Sci. Rev. 56, 313 (1991).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. K. Horne and R. Gomer, Astrophys. J. 237, 845 (1980).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. S. Mereghetti, in Frontier Objects in Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Ed. by F. Giovannelli and G. Mannocchi, SIF Conf. Proc. 73, 239 (2001).

  8. M. van der Klis, in The Origin and Evolution of Neutron Stars, Ed. by D. J. Helfand and J. H. Huang (D. Reidel, Dordrecht, 1987), p. 321.

    Google Scholar 

  9. M. van der Klis, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 27, 517 (1989).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. M. van der Klis, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 38, 717 (2000).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. M. Cropper, J. W. Menzies, and S. Tapia, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 218, 201 (1986).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. J. Middleditch and J. Nelson, Astrophys. J. 208, 567 (1976).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. J. Patterson, E. L. Robinson, and A. L. Kiplinger, Astrophys. J. Lett. 226, L137 (1978).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. R. E. Nather, Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. 90, 447 (1978).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. M. Cropper, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 222, 225 (1986).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. B. Warner, in IAU Symposium, No 73: Structure and Evolution of Close Binary Systems, Ed. by P. Eggleton, S. Miton, and J. Whelan (D. Reidel, Dordrecht, 1976), p. 85.

    Google Scholar 

  17. M. Cropper and B. Warner, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 220, 633 (1986).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. C. Bartolini, G. Bianco, A. Guarnieri, et al., Hvar Obs. Bull. 7(1), 159 (1983).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. F. Giovannelli and L. Sabau-Graziati, Space. Sci. Rev. 59, 1 (1992).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. R. H. Hildebrand, E. J. Spillar, and R. F. Stiening Astrophys. J. 243, 223 (1981).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. I. G. Martinez-Pais, F. Giovannelli, C. Rossi, and S. Gaudenzi, Astron. Astrophys. 291, 455 (1994).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. J. van Paradijs, M. van der Klis, and H. Pedersen, Astron. Astrophys. 225, L5 (1989).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. J. van Paradijs, M. van der Klis, S. van Amerongen, et al., Astron. Astrophys. 234, 181 (1990).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. C. Chevalier, S. A. Ilovaisky, J. van Paradijs, et al., Astron. Astrophys. 210, 114 (1989).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. A. Guarnieri, C. Bartolini, A. Piccioni, and F. Giovannelli, in Multifrequency Behavior of Galactic Accreting Sources, Ed. by F. Giovannelli (Editrice SIDEREA, Roma, 1985), p. 310.

    Google Scholar 

  26. J. Braga, M. G. Pereira, and F. J. Jablonski, in Proceedings of the Fifth Compton Symposium, Ed. by M. L. McConnell and J. M. Ryan, AIP Conf. Proc. 510, 188 (2000).

  27. M. G. Pereira, J. Braga, and F. J. Jablonski, Astrophys. J. Lett. 526, L105 (1999).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. M. G. Pereira, J. Braga, and F. J. Jablonski, Astrophys. J. Lett. 533, L69 (2000).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. G. M. H. J. Habets, Astron. Astrophys. 184, 209 (1987).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. A. Piccioni, C. Bartolini, A. Guarnieri, and F. Giovannelli, Acta Astron. 29(3), 463 (1979).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. A. Piccioni, A. Guarnieri, C. Bartolini, and F. Giovannelli, Acta Astron. 34(4), 473 (1984).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. G. Cosentino, Thesis (Bologna University, 1985).

  33. R. Merighi, M. Mignoli, C. Ciattaglia, et al., BFOS: Bologna Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera, Bologna Astronomical Observatory Internal Report 09-1994-05.

  34. A. Braccesi, Giornale di Astronomia (SAIt) 1, 135 (1975).

    Google Scholar 

  35. D. J. Taylor, Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. 92, 108 (1980).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. J. Kepler, Baltic Astron. 2, 515 (1993).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. A. Piccioni, C. Bartolini, S. Bernabei, et al., ESA SP-485 (2001) (in press).

  38. A. Schwarzenberg-Czerny, Acta Astron. 37, 213 (1987).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. C. R. Robinson, Ph. D. Thesis (The Pennsylvania State University, 1996).

  40. R. E. Nather, D. E. Winget, J. C. Clemens, et al., Astrophys. J. 361, 309 (1990).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  41. http://wet.iitap.iastate.edu/xcov17/datalog/lo1004.gif-lo1013.gif-lo1614.gif-lo1804.gif

  42. A. Piccioni, C. Bartolini, S. Bernabei, et al., Astron. Astrophys. 354, L13 (2000).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  43. F. Giovannelli, C. Bartolini, A. Guarnieri, et al., Acta Astron. 34(4), 487 (1984).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

__________

Translated from Astronomicheski\(\overset{\lower0.5em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\smile}$}}{l}\) Zhurnal, Vol. 79, No. 12, 2002, pp. 1140–1152.

Original Russian Text Copyright © 2002 by Piccioni, Giovanelli, Bartolini, Bruni, Frutti, Guarnieri.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Piccioni, A., Giovanelli, F., Bartolini, K. et al. A double-head photon-counting photometer for fast timing observations. Astron. Rep. 46, 1030–1041 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1134/1.1529261

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/1.1529261

Keywords

Navigation