Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The cephalopod macrosystem: A historical review, the present state of knowledge, and unsolved problems: 2. Classification of nautiloid cephalopods

  • Published:
Paleontological Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Major classifications of nautiloid cephalopods are critically reviewed. It is suggested that this cephalopod group is subdivided into 5 subclasses and 17 orders: Ellesmeroceratoidea (including the orders Plectronocerida, Protactinocerida, Yanhecerida, and Ellesmerocerida), Endoceratoidea (including the orders Endocerida and Intejocerida), Actinoceratoidea (including the order Actinocerida), Nautiloidea (with the orders Basslerocerida, Tarphycerida, Lituitida, Discosorida, Oncocerida, and Nautilida), and Orthoceratoidea (including the orders Orthocerida, Ascocerida, Dissidocerida, and Bajkalocerida). The above orders are briefly described.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Z. G. Balashov, “New Ordovician Nautiloids of the USSR,” in New Species of Ancient Plants and Invertebrates of the USSR (Gosgeoltekhizdat, Moscow, 1960), Vol. 2, pp. 123–136 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  2. J. Barrande, Système silurien du centre de la Bohême. 1-re part. Recherches paléontologiques. V. 2. Classe des Mollusques. Ordre des Céphalopodes. 1-4-me Sér. (Prague, 1865).

  3. I. S. Barskov, “System and Phylogeny of Pseudorthoceratids,” Byull. Mosk. O-va Ispyt. Prir., Otd. Geol. 38(4), 149–150 (1963a).

    Google Scholar 

  4. I. S. Barskov, “On the System of Actinoceratoids,” Byull. Mosk. O-va Ispyt. Prir., Otd. Geol. 38(5), 150–151 (1963b).

    Google Scholar 

  5. I. S. Barskov, Late Ordovician and Silurian Cephalopod Mollusks of Kazakhstan and Central Asia (Nauka, Moscow, 1972) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  6. I. S. Barskov, Morphogenesis and Ecogenesis of Paleozoic Cephalopods (Mosk. Gos. Univ., Moscow, 1989) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  7. E. Basse, “Classe des Céphalopodes,” Traité de paléontologie (Masson, Paris, 1952), Vol. 2, pp. 463–790.

    Google Scholar 

  8. J. Chen and C. Teichert, “Cambrian Cephalopoda of China,” Palaeontogr. Abt. A 181(1–3), 1–102 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  9. J. Chen, S. Tsou, T. Chen, and D. Qi, “Late Cambrian Cephalopods of North China: Plectronocerida, Protactinocerida (ord. nov.), and Yanhecerida (ord. nov.),” Acta Palaeontol. Sin. 18(1), 1–24 (1979a).

    Google Scholar 

  10. J. Chen, X. Zou, T. Chen, and D. Qi, “Late Cambrian Ellesmerocerida (Cephalopoda) of North China,” Acta Palaeontol. Sin. 18(2), 103–124 (1979b).

    Google Scholar 

  11. J. Dzik, “Phylogeny of the Nautiloidea,” Palaeontol. Pol., No. 45, 3–203 (1984).

  12. R. H. Flower, “Saltations in Nautiloid Coiling,” Evolution 9(3), 244–260 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  13. R. H. Flower, “Some Chazyan and Mohawkian Endoceratida,” J. Paleontol. 32(3), 433–458 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  14. R. H. Flower, “The Nautiloid Order Ellesmeroceratida (Cephalopoda),” Mem. New Mexico Inst. Mining Technol., No. 12, 1–234 (1964a).

  15. R. H. Flower, “Nautiloid Shell Morphology,” Mem. New Mexico Inst. Mining Technol., No. 13, 1–79 (1964b).

  16. R. H. Flower, “Progress and Changing Concepts in Cephalopod and Particularly Nautiloid Phylogeny and Distribution,” in Cephalopods: Present and Past (Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 1988), pp. 17–24.

    Google Scholar 

  17. R. H. Flower and B. Kummel, “A Classification of the Nautiloidea,” J. Paleontol. 24(5), 604–616 (1950).

    Google Scholar 

  18. Fundamentals of Paleontology: Mollusks, Cephalopods: 1. Nautiloids, Endoceratoids, Actinoceratoids, Bactritoids, and Ammonoids (Agoniatitids, Goniatitids, Clymeniids), Ed. by V. E. Ruzhencev (Akad. Nauk SSSR, Moscow, 1962) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  19. Ch. H. Holland, “One of Many Problems: Taxonomy of the Common Silurian Nautiloid Cephalopod ‘Orthoceras bullatum’ J. de C. Sowerby,” Abh. Geol. Bundesanst. Wien 57, 353–358 (2002).

    Google Scholar 

  20. A. Hyatt, “Genera of Fossil Cephalopods,” Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. History 22 (Part 3), 253–338 (1883).

    Google Scholar 

  21. A. Hyatt, “A New Classification of Fossil Cephalopods,” Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci. 47, 363–365 (1898).

    Google Scholar 

  22. A. Hyatt, “Cephalopoda,” Zittel-Eastman: Textbook of Palaeontology (Macmillan, London, 1900), Vol. 1, Part 2, pp. 502–604.

    Google Scholar 

  23. I. Kolebaba, “Embryonal Stages of Wenlockian Cephalopods from Central Bohemia,” Casop. Narodn. Muz. Praha 142(1), 28–40 (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  24. B. Kröger, “Revision of Middle Ordovician Orthoceratacean Nautiloids from Baltoscandia,” Acta Palaeontol. Pol. 49(1), 57–74 (2004).

    Google Scholar 

  25. O. Kuhn, Paläozoologie in Tabellen (Fischer, Jena, 1940).

    Google Scholar 

  26. O. Kuhn, Lehrbuch der Paläozoologie (Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 1949).

    Google Scholar 

  27. R. S. Moore, C. G. Lalicker, and A. G. Fischer, Invertebrate Fossils (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1952).

    Google Scholar 

  28. H. Mutvei, “Remarks on Anatomy of Recent and Fossil Cephalopoda with Description of the Minute Shell Structure of Belemnoids,” Stockholm Contrib. Geol. 11(4), 79–102 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  29. H. Mutvei, “Characterization of Actinoceratoid Cephalopods by Their Siphuncular Structure,” Lethaia 29(4), 339–348 (1997).

    Google Scholar 

  30. H. Mutvei, “Connecting Ring Structure and Its Signification for Classification of the Orthoceratid Cephalopods,” Acta Palaeontol. Pol. 47(1), 157–168 (2002).

    Google Scholar 

  31. A. d’Orbigny, “Tableau méthodique de la classe des Céphalopodes,” Ann. Sci. Nat., Sér. 17, 245–314 (1826).

    Google Scholar 

  32. F.A. Quenstedt, De notis nautilearum primariis. Dissert. inauguralis petrefactologica (Berolini, Berlin, 1836).

    Google Scholar 

  33. B. Runnegar and J. Pojeta, “Origin and Diversification of the Mollusca,” The Mollusca, Vol. 10: Evolution (Academic, New York, 1985), pp. 1–57.

    Google Scholar 

  34. L. von Salvini-Plawen, “A Reconsideration of Systematics in the Mollusca (Phylogeny and Higher Classification),” Malacologia 19(2), 249–278 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  35. J. H. Shergold and G. Geyer, “The Subcommission on the Cambrian Stratigraphy: The Status Quo,” Geol. Acta 1(1), 5–9 (2003).

    Google Scholar 

  36. A. A. Shevyrev, “The Cephalopod Macrosystem: A Historical Review, the Present State of Knowledge, and Unsolved Problems: 1. Major Features and Overall Classification of Cephalopod Mollusks,” Paleontol. Zh., No. 6, 33–42 (2005) [Paleontol. J. 39 (6), 606–614 (2005)].

  37. V. N. Shimansky, Straight-Shelled Nautiloids and Bactritoids of the Sakmarian and Artinskian Stages of the Southern Urals (Akad. Nauk SSSR, Moscow, 1954) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  38. V. N. Shimansky, “Systematics and Phylogeny of the Order Nautilida,” Byull. Mosk. O-va Ispyt. Prir., Otd. Geol. 32(4), 105–120 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  39. V. N. Shimansky, Carboniferous Nautilida (Nauka, Moscow, 1967) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  40. V. N. Shimansky, Carboniferous Orthoceratida, Oncoceratida, Actinoceratida, and Bactrida (Nauka, Moscow, 1968) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  41. R. R. Shrock and W. H. Twenchofel, Principles of Invertebrate Paleontology, 2nd ed. (Econ. Geol. Publ. Co., Urbana, 1953).

    Google Scholar 

  42. Ya. I. Starobogatov, “The System of Cephalopod Mollusks,” in Systematics and Ecology of Cephalopod Mollusks: Collection of Scientific Papers (Zool. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Leningrad, 1983), pp. 4–7 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  43. C. Teichert, “Der Bau der Actinoceroiden Cephalopoden,” Palaeontogr. Abt. A 78, 111–230 (1933).

    Google Scholar 

  44. C. Teichert, “Major Features of Cephalopod Evolution,” Spec. Publ. Dept. Geol. Univ. Kansas, No. 2, 162–210 (1967).

  45. C. Teichert, “Names and Authorship of Some Cephalopod Orders,” J. Paleontol. 43(2), 561–562 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  46. C. Teichert, “Main Features of Cephalopod Evolution,” in The Mollusca, Vol. 12: Paleontology and Neontology of Cephalopods (Academic, New York, 1988), pp. 11–79.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology: Pt K. Mollusca 3: Cephalopoda—General Features—Endoceratoidea—Actinoceratoidea—Nautiloidea—Bactritoidea (Univ. Kansas Press, Lawrence, 1964).

  48. V. Turek and J. Marek, “Notes on the Phylogeny of the Nautiloidea,” Paläontol. Z. 60(3–4), 245–253 (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  49. G. F. Webers, E. L. Yochelson, and T. Kase, “Observations on a Late Cambrian Cephalopod,” Lethaia 24(3), 347–348 (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  50. A. Zeiss, “Weichteile ectocochleater paläozoischer Cephalopoden in Röntgenaufnahmen und ihre paläontologische Bedeutung,” Paläontol. Z. 43(1–2), 13–27 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  51. F. A. Zhuravleva, “New Ordovician and Silurian Cephalopoda of the Siberian Platform,” Paleontol. Zh., No. 4, 87–100 (1964).

  52. F. A. Zhuravleva, Devonian Nautiloids: Order Discosorida (Nauka, Moscow, 1972) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  53. F. A. Zhuravleva, Devonian Orthocerida (Nauka, Moscow, 1978) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  54. F. A. Zhuravleva, “New Late Silurian and Devonian Orthoceratoids from Novaya Zemlya,” Paleontol. Zh., No. 1, 13–20 (2003) [Paleontol. J. 37 (1), 11–20 (2003)].

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya ul. 123, Moscow, 117997, Russia

    A. A. Shevyrev

Authors
  1. A. A. Shevyrev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Original Russian Text © A.A. Shevyrev, 2006, published in Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal, 2006, No. 1, pp. 43–52.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Shevyrev, A.A. The cephalopod macrosystem: A historical review, the present state of knowledge, and unsolved problems: 2. Classification of nautiloid cephalopods. Paleontol. J. 40, 46–54 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030106010059

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030106010059

Key words

Search

Navigation