Bis(1,10-phenanthroline)(2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dionato)potassium(I) benzene sesquisolvate
Supporting information
Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807034988/lh2459sup1.cif | |
Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807034988/lh2459Isup2.hkl |
CCDC reference: 657617
The potassium tert-butyloxide (0.192 g, 1.72 mmol) and 1,10-phenanthroline (0.619 g, 3.44 mmol) were dissolved in dried benzene (15 ml) and stirred at room temperature. Then the solution of dipivaloylmethane (2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dione, 0.332 g, 1.80 mmol) in benzene (5 ml) was added slowly under continuous stirring of mixture. All operations were performed in a glove box. X-ray quality single-crystals were obtained by slow evaporation of benzene solution in evacuated sealed ampoules during two months.
H-atoms were placed in idealized positions and refined using a riding model with C—H = 0.95 Å (or 0.98 Å) and with Uiso(H) = 1.2 or 1.5Ueq(C).
Metal β-diketonates (especially acetylacetonates and dipivaloylmethanates) are widely used as volatile precursors for MOCVD deposition of thin films. In order to obtain a volatile precursor one should synthesize a substance with molecular crystal structure and low inter-molecular interactions. This task has not been solved yet for potassium, a large single charged cation that forms usually ionic crystals. Unfortunately, the coordination sphere of potassium (also Alkali Earth and Rare Earth elements) is not saturated by only the β-diketonate anion. This leads to the polymerization due to bridging function of ligands or solvent molecules and therefore to the reduction of volatility. A potassium precursor is essential for MOCVD of ferroelectric KNbO3 thin films (Romanov et al., 2004, Murzina et al., 2006). We report here the first potassium heteroligand β-diketonate complex with a mononuclear structure K(dpm)(phen)2˙1.5C6H6.
The crystal structure is built by the packing of voluminous K(dpm)(phen)2 molecules and solvate benzene molecules lying in the lattice cavities. In the K(dpm)(phen)2 molecule, the potassium cation has a distorted trigonal-prismatical coordination (CN=6) formed by four nitrogen atoms from two chelating phenanthroline ligands and by two oxygen atoms from chelating dipivaloylmethanate-anion (Fig. 1). The ligands do not exhibit a bridging function, therefore the molecules are monomeric and the compound has a molecular structure. The K···O1 and K···O2 distances are similar because of electron density delocalization in the chelating part of the dpm--anion. The K+ ion is displaced from the planes of the phenanthroline ligangs by 0.80 (1) Å. The K···N distances are comparable with those found in [K2(phen)6]2+[BPh4]-2 (Bombieri et al., 1984).
The phenanthroline molecules lie in nearly orthogonal planes and participate in intermolecular stacking interaction of the face-to-face type with the neighboring K(dpm)(phen)2 molecules (Fig. 2). No intramolecular stacking interaction similar to that found in [K2(phen)6]2+[BPh4]-2 (Bombieri et al., 1984) occurs in the title crystal structure. The distance between parallel planes of phen-ligands (3.48 (5) Å) is typical for stacking distances in related compounds like Ba(dpm)2(phen)2 (Soboleva et al., 1995) or La(dpm)3(phen) (Minacheva et al., 2003) or La(hfa)3(phen)2 (Rogachev et al., 2005). The stacking interaction between phen-ligands of neighboring molecules causes their association with the formation of chains along [001] direction. The solvate benzene molecules are edge-to-face stacked with phenanthroline ligands, while the molecular centroid separations are 4.9 – 5.2 Å, being in a good agreement with the values observed for the stacking interaction in a benzene pair (C6H6)2 (Dance, 2003).
For background information, see: Romanov et al. (2004); Murzina et al. (2006). For related crystal structures, see: Bombieri et al., (1984); Soboleva et al. (1995); Minacheva et al. (2003); Rogachev et al. (2005). For related literature, see: Dance (2003).
Data collection: IPDS (Stoe & Cie, 1996); cell refinement: IPDS; data reduction: IPDS; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1990); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: DIAMOND (Bergerhoff et al., 1996); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Version 1.0c; Westrip, 2007).
[K(C11H19O2)(C12H8N2)2]·1.5C6H6 | F(000) = 1484 |
Mr = 699.93 | Dx = 1.213 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2ybc | Cell parameters from 11312 reflections |
a = 10.110 (2) Å | θ = 4–29° |
b = 22.419 (5) Å | µ = 0.18 mm−1 |
c = 17.099 (3) Å | T = 100 K |
β = 98.55 (3)° | Block, colourless |
V = 3832.5 (13) Å3 | 0.50 × 0.30 × 0.20 mm |
Z = 4 |
Stoe IPDS diffractometer | 6012 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | Rint = 0.087 |
Graphite monochromator | θmax = 29.2°, θmin = 3.4° |
φ scans | h = −13→10 |
26291 measured reflections | k = −30→30 |
9857 independent reflections | l = −20→22 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.066 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.126 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.00 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.05P)2 + ] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
9857 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
466 parameters | Δρmax = 0.31 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.30 e Å−3 |
[K(C11H19O2)(C12H8N2)2]·1.5C6H6 | V = 3832.5 (13) Å3 |
Mr = 699.93 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 10.110 (2) Å | µ = 0.18 mm−1 |
b = 22.419 (5) Å | T = 100 K |
c = 17.099 (3) Å | 0.50 × 0.30 × 0.20 mm |
β = 98.55 (3)° |
Stoe IPDS diffractometer | 6012 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
26291 measured reflections | Rint = 0.087 |
9857 independent reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.066 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.126 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.00 | Δρmax = 0.31 e Å−3 |
9857 reflections | Δρmin = −0.30 e Å−3 |
466 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
K | 0.15866 (5) | 0.739467 (18) | 0.81820 (3) | 0.01858 (11) | |
O1 | 0.07787 (15) | 0.62510 (6) | 0.82200 (9) | 0.0186 (3) | |
O2 | 0.35426 (16) | 0.66272 (6) | 0.83782 (10) | 0.0243 (4) | |
N1 | 0.1315 (2) | 0.81523 (7) | 0.68171 (12) | 0.0213 (4) | |
N2 | −0.06129 (19) | 0.73100 (7) | 0.69319 (12) | 0.0207 (4) | |
N3 | 0.27796 (19) | 0.78168 (7) | 0.97236 (12) | 0.0210 (4) | |
N4 | 0.0723 (2) | 0.84560 (7) | 0.89032 (12) | 0.0235 (4) | |
C1 | −0.0546 (2) | 0.53894 (9) | 0.90463 (15) | 0.0231 (5) | |
H1A | −0.1196 | 0.5070 | 0.9083 | 0.035* | |
H1B | −0.1022 | 0.5762 | 0.8893 | 0.035* | |
H1C | 0.0014 | 0.5442 | 0.9561 | 0.035* | |
C2 | 0.0337 (2) | 0.52239 (8) | 0.84243 (14) | 0.0179 (4) | |
C3 | 0.1318 (2) | 0.57547 (8) | 0.83721 (13) | 0.0161 (4) | |
C4 | 0.2711 (2) | 0.56481 (8) | 0.85082 (14) | 0.0191 (5) | |
H4 | 0.2992 | 0.5248 | 0.8611 | 0.023* | |
C5 | 0.3723 (2) | 0.60814 (8) | 0.85059 (14) | 0.0183 (4) | |
C6 | 0.5213 (2) | 0.58812 (9) | 0.86698 (16) | 0.0240 (5) | |
C7 | 0.5438 (3) | 0.52337 (13) | 0.8882 (3) | 0.0878 (17) | |
H7A | 0.5089 | 0.4985 | 0.8426 | 0.132* | |
H7B | 0.4972 | 0.5135 | 0.9329 | 0.132* | |
H7C | 0.6398 | 0.5160 | 0.9029 | 0.132* | |
C8 | 0.5829 (4) | 0.6024 (3) | 0.7945 (3) | 0.1001 (18) | |
H8A | 0.6784 | 0.5925 | 0.8041 | 0.150* | |
H8B | 0.5718 | 0.6450 | 0.7824 | 0.150* | |
H8C | 0.5387 | 0.5789 | 0.7498 | 0.150* | |
C9 | 0.5923 (3) | 0.62340 (17) | 0.9365 (3) | 0.0737 (13) | |
H9A | 0.6868 | 0.6118 | 0.9466 | 0.111* | |
H9B | 0.5506 | 0.6151 | 0.9836 | 0.111* | |
H9C | 0.5855 | 0.6661 | 0.9244 | 0.111* | |
C10 | 0.1010 (2) | 0.46250 (9) | 0.86561 (17) | 0.0282 (6) | |
H10A | 0.0324 | 0.4322 | 0.8695 | 0.042* | |
H10B | 0.1584 | 0.4665 | 0.9168 | 0.042* | |
H10C | 0.1552 | 0.4505 | 0.8253 | 0.042* | |
C11 | −0.0556 (3) | 0.51592 (10) | 0.76224 (16) | 0.0317 (6) | |
H11A | −0.0012 | 0.5031 | 0.7224 | 0.048* | |
H11B | −0.0974 | 0.5544 | 0.7466 | 0.048* | |
H11C | −0.1251 | 0.4861 | 0.7664 | 0.048* | |
C12 | 0.2269 (3) | 0.85464 (9) | 0.67433 (16) | 0.0268 (5) | |
H12 | 0.2831 | 0.8672 | 0.7209 | 0.032* | |
C13 | 0.2496 (3) | 0.87876 (9) | 0.60206 (16) | 0.0283 (6) | |
H13 | 0.3200 | 0.9065 | 0.6002 | 0.034* | |
C14 | 0.1695 (2) | 0.86196 (9) | 0.53437 (15) | 0.0238 (5) | |
H14 | 0.1840 | 0.8773 | 0.4846 | 0.029* | |
C15 | 0.0645 (2) | 0.82131 (8) | 0.53949 (14) | 0.0193 (5) | |
C16 | 0.0504 (2) | 0.79856 (8) | 0.61459 (13) | 0.0167 (4) | |
C17 | −0.0537 (2) | 0.75454 (8) | 0.62091 (14) | 0.0180 (4) | |
C18 | −0.1392 (2) | 0.73712 (9) | 0.55162 (14) | 0.0211 (5) | |
C19 | −0.2382 (2) | 0.69438 (10) | 0.55995 (16) | 0.0268 (5) | |
H19 | −0.2994 | 0.6820 | 0.5153 | 0.032* | |
C20 | −0.2456 (2) | 0.67086 (10) | 0.63288 (16) | 0.0280 (5) | |
H20 | −0.3117 | 0.6420 | 0.6395 | 0.034* | |
C21 | −0.1542 (2) | 0.68994 (9) | 0.69768 (15) | 0.0254 (5) | |
H21 | −0.1591 | 0.6725 | 0.7478 | 0.031* | |
C22 | −0.0260 (2) | 0.80299 (9) | 0.47072 (14) | 0.0231 (5) | |
H22 | −0.0173 | 0.8193 | 0.4205 | 0.028* | |
C23 | −0.1230 (2) | 0.76289 (10) | 0.47713 (14) | 0.0237 (5) | |
H23 | −0.1820 | 0.7515 | 0.4311 | 0.028* | |
C24 | 0.3764 (2) | 0.75095 (10) | 1.01334 (16) | 0.0286 (6) | |
H24 | 0.4222 | 0.7227 | 0.9858 | 0.034* | |
C25 | 0.4175 (3) | 0.75747 (12) | 1.09456 (17) | 0.0373 (7) | |
H25 | 0.4899 | 0.7346 | 1.1207 | 0.045* | |
C26 | 0.3527 (3) | 0.79685 (12) | 1.13567 (17) | 0.0378 (7) | |
H26 | 0.3787 | 0.8017 | 1.1910 | 0.045* | |
C27 | 0.2462 (3) | 0.83057 (10) | 1.09509 (15) | 0.0299 (6) | |
C28 | 0.2124 (2) | 0.82164 (9) | 1.01298 (14) | 0.0208 (5) | |
C29 | 0.1039 (2) | 0.85520 (9) | 0.96913 (15) | 0.0218 (5) | |
C30 | 0.0349 (3) | 0.89660 (10) | 1.01031 (17) | 0.0306 (6) | |
C31 | −0.0709 (3) | 0.92863 (10) | 0.9654 (2) | 0.0420 (8) | |
H31 | −0.1204 | 0.9569 | 0.9906 | 0.050* | |
C32 | −0.1018 (3) | 0.91895 (11) | 0.8863 (2) | 0.0430 (8) | |
H32 | −0.1726 | 0.9402 | 0.8556 | 0.052* | |
C33 | −0.0270 (3) | 0.87695 (10) | 0.85130 (18) | 0.0336 (6) | |
H33 | −0.0488 | 0.8705 | 0.7960 | 0.040* | |
C34 | 0.1722 (3) | 0.87284 (12) | 1.13465 (17) | 0.0399 (7) | |
H34 | 0.1947 | 0.8788 | 1.1900 | 0.048* | |
C35 | 0.0715 (3) | 0.90404 (11) | 1.09369 (19) | 0.0417 (8) | |
H35 | 0.0234 | 0.9317 | 1.1208 | 0.050* | |
C36 | 0.4871 (3) | 0.85637 (12) | 0.85390 (18) | 0.0366 (6) | |
H36 | 0.4323 | 0.8620 | 0.8938 | 0.044* | |
C37 | 0.5279 (3) | 0.90462 (12) | 0.8136 (2) | 0.0456 (8) | |
H37 | 0.5013 | 0.9437 | 0.8258 | 0.055* | |
C38 | 0.6068 (3) | 0.89627 (16) | 0.7558 (2) | 0.0589 (10) | |
H38 | 0.6328 | 0.9296 | 0.7274 | 0.071* | |
C39 | 0.6488 (3) | 0.83982 (17) | 0.7386 (2) | 0.0526 (9) | |
H39 | 0.7054 | 0.8343 | 0.6995 | 0.063* | |
C40 | 0.6082 (3) | 0.79190 (14) | 0.77838 (19) | 0.0448 (7) | |
H40 | 0.6362 | 0.7529 | 0.7665 | 0.054* | |
C41 | 0.5269 (3) | 0.79958 (12) | 0.83556 (17) | 0.0364 (6) | |
H41 | 0.4983 | 0.7660 | 0.8624 | 0.044* | |
C42 | 0.4839 (3) | 0.95220 (12) | 1.0482 (2) | 0.0540 (9) | |
H42 | 0.4730 | 0.9190 | 1.0812 | 0.065* | |
C43 | 0.3789 (3) | 0.97211 (11) | 0.9961 (2) | 0.0485 (9) | |
H43 | 0.2944 | 0.9531 | 0.9934 | 0.058* | |
C44 | 0.3940 (3) | 1.02007 (13) | 0.9467 (3) | 0.0586 (10) | |
H44 | 0.3206 | 1.0335 | 0.9097 | 0.070* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
K | 0.0224 (2) | 0.01534 (17) | 0.0169 (3) | 0.00253 (18) | −0.00066 (17) | −0.00038 (18) |
O1 | 0.0193 (8) | 0.0167 (6) | 0.0203 (9) | 0.0024 (6) | 0.0049 (6) | 0.0020 (6) |
O2 | 0.0182 (8) | 0.0173 (7) | 0.0370 (11) | 0.0016 (6) | 0.0024 (7) | 0.0033 (6) |
N1 | 0.0246 (11) | 0.0176 (8) | 0.0207 (12) | 0.0001 (7) | −0.0005 (8) | −0.0001 (7) |
N2 | 0.0203 (10) | 0.0195 (8) | 0.0220 (12) | 0.0001 (7) | 0.0027 (8) | 0.0017 (7) |
N3 | 0.0237 (10) | 0.0223 (8) | 0.0167 (12) | −0.0040 (7) | 0.0026 (8) | 0.0025 (7) |
N4 | 0.0255 (11) | 0.0196 (8) | 0.0249 (13) | −0.0003 (7) | 0.0021 (8) | 0.0003 (7) |
C1 | 0.0178 (11) | 0.0241 (10) | 0.0290 (15) | −0.0024 (9) | 0.0092 (10) | 0.0015 (9) |
C2 | 0.0191 (11) | 0.0162 (9) | 0.0195 (13) | −0.0024 (8) | 0.0061 (9) | 0.0005 (8) |
C3 | 0.0183 (11) | 0.0182 (9) | 0.0130 (12) | −0.0008 (8) | 0.0063 (8) | −0.0002 (7) |
C4 | 0.0210 (11) | 0.0127 (8) | 0.0245 (14) | 0.0036 (8) | 0.0065 (9) | 0.0011 (8) |
C5 | 0.0187 (11) | 0.0196 (9) | 0.0175 (13) | 0.0029 (8) | 0.0051 (9) | 0.0005 (8) |
C6 | 0.0141 (11) | 0.0207 (10) | 0.0375 (16) | 0.0022 (8) | 0.0049 (10) | 0.0026 (9) |
C7 | 0.0196 (16) | 0.0328 (15) | 0.205 (5) | 0.0059 (12) | −0.004 (2) | 0.023 (2) |
C8 | 0.038 (2) | 0.198 (5) | 0.073 (3) | 0.058 (3) | 0.037 (2) | 0.062 (3) |
C9 | 0.0305 (18) | 0.081 (2) | 0.100 (3) | 0.0238 (17) | −0.0241 (19) | −0.042 (2) |
C10 | 0.0239 (13) | 0.0173 (9) | 0.0453 (18) | 0.0005 (9) | 0.0116 (11) | 0.0050 (9) |
C11 | 0.0427 (16) | 0.0267 (11) | 0.0250 (16) | −0.0116 (11) | 0.0027 (12) | −0.0003 (9) |
C12 | 0.0276 (13) | 0.0194 (10) | 0.0309 (16) | −0.0043 (9) | −0.0038 (11) | −0.0031 (9) |
C13 | 0.0256 (13) | 0.0190 (10) | 0.0403 (17) | −0.0012 (9) | 0.0046 (11) | 0.0047 (9) |
C14 | 0.0247 (12) | 0.0204 (10) | 0.0282 (15) | 0.0072 (9) | 0.0099 (10) | 0.0074 (9) |
C15 | 0.0207 (12) | 0.0166 (9) | 0.0210 (14) | 0.0056 (8) | 0.0049 (9) | 0.0011 (8) |
C16 | 0.0152 (11) | 0.0156 (8) | 0.0194 (13) | 0.0043 (7) | 0.0027 (9) | 0.0003 (8) |
C17 | 0.0176 (11) | 0.0172 (9) | 0.0194 (13) | 0.0061 (8) | 0.0036 (8) | 0.0001 (8) |
C18 | 0.0203 (11) | 0.0217 (9) | 0.0208 (13) | 0.0055 (9) | 0.0009 (9) | −0.0031 (9) |
C19 | 0.0186 (12) | 0.0290 (11) | 0.0314 (16) | −0.0012 (9) | −0.0011 (10) | −0.0074 (10) |
C20 | 0.0173 (12) | 0.0293 (11) | 0.0375 (17) | −0.0056 (9) | 0.0047 (10) | 0.0003 (10) |
C21 | 0.0210 (12) | 0.0266 (10) | 0.0296 (16) | 0.0004 (9) | 0.0065 (10) | 0.0039 (9) |
C22 | 0.0279 (13) | 0.0266 (10) | 0.0156 (14) | 0.0085 (9) | 0.0058 (10) | 0.0043 (8) |
C23 | 0.0243 (12) | 0.0271 (10) | 0.0181 (13) | 0.0070 (9) | −0.0019 (9) | −0.0033 (9) |
C24 | 0.0242 (13) | 0.0300 (12) | 0.0310 (16) | −0.0031 (9) | 0.0022 (10) | 0.0086 (9) |
C25 | 0.0310 (14) | 0.0456 (14) | 0.0316 (17) | −0.0126 (12) | −0.0077 (11) | 0.0166 (12) |
C26 | 0.0439 (17) | 0.0471 (15) | 0.0200 (16) | −0.0288 (13) | −0.0028 (12) | 0.0033 (11) |
C27 | 0.0368 (15) | 0.0334 (12) | 0.0204 (15) | −0.0224 (11) | 0.0076 (11) | −0.0022 (10) |
C28 | 0.0243 (12) | 0.0198 (9) | 0.0192 (14) | −0.0112 (8) | 0.0060 (9) | −0.0022 (8) |
C29 | 0.0238 (12) | 0.0181 (9) | 0.0251 (15) | −0.0084 (8) | 0.0087 (10) | −0.0041 (8) |
C30 | 0.0299 (14) | 0.0248 (11) | 0.0419 (18) | −0.0103 (10) | 0.0210 (12) | −0.0102 (10) |
C31 | 0.0318 (15) | 0.0245 (12) | 0.076 (3) | −0.0001 (11) | 0.0271 (15) | −0.0089 (13) |
C32 | 0.0308 (16) | 0.0278 (12) | 0.070 (3) | 0.0064 (11) | 0.0058 (15) | 0.0025 (13) |
C33 | 0.0321 (15) | 0.0274 (11) | 0.0398 (18) | 0.0021 (10) | 0.0003 (12) | 0.0025 (10) |
C34 | 0.060 (2) | 0.0430 (14) | 0.0216 (17) | −0.0269 (14) | 0.0208 (14) | −0.0147 (12) |
C35 | 0.056 (2) | 0.0329 (13) | 0.045 (2) | −0.0174 (13) | 0.0366 (16) | −0.0201 (12) |
C36 | 0.0315 (15) | 0.0456 (14) | 0.0315 (18) | −0.0009 (12) | 0.0013 (12) | 0.0012 (11) |
C37 | 0.0307 (16) | 0.0387 (14) | 0.064 (2) | −0.0054 (12) | −0.0029 (15) | 0.0056 (14) |
C38 | 0.041 (2) | 0.072 (2) | 0.063 (3) | −0.0188 (16) | 0.0051 (17) | 0.0289 (18) |
C39 | 0.0329 (18) | 0.093 (3) | 0.033 (2) | −0.0104 (17) | 0.0060 (14) | −0.0017 (17) |
C40 | 0.0405 (18) | 0.0554 (17) | 0.036 (2) | 0.0009 (14) | −0.0015 (14) | −0.0138 (14) |
C41 | 0.0383 (16) | 0.0397 (13) | 0.0287 (18) | −0.0027 (12) | −0.0033 (12) | 0.0060 (11) |
C42 | 0.0445 (19) | 0.0283 (13) | 0.093 (3) | −0.0069 (12) | 0.0244 (19) | 0.0141 (15) |
C43 | 0.0297 (16) | 0.0271 (12) | 0.094 (3) | −0.0072 (11) | 0.0253 (16) | −0.0026 (14) |
C44 | 0.0370 (18) | 0.0374 (15) | 0.101 (3) | 0.0001 (13) | 0.0097 (19) | 0.0148 (16) |
K—O2 | 2.6051 (16) | C32—C33 | 1.397 (4) |
K—O1 | 2.6946 (15) | C34—C35 | 1.344 (5) |
K—N2 | 2.852 (2) | C36—C37 | 1.378 (4) |
K—N1 | 2.866 (2) | C36—C41 | 1.385 (4) |
K—N4 | 2.8749 (19) | C37—C38 | 1.372 (5) |
K—N3 | 2.890 (2) | C38—C39 | 1.380 (5) |
O1—C3 | 1.249 (2) | C39—C40 | 1.367 (5) |
O2—C5 | 1.252 (2) | C40—C41 | 1.378 (4) |
N1—C12 | 1.328 (3) | C42—C43 | 1.355 (5) |
N1—C16 | 1.360 (3) | C42—C44i | 1.373 (4) |
N2—C21 | 1.326 (3) | C43—C44 | 1.390 (4) |
N2—C17 | 1.357 (3) | C44—C42i | 1.373 (4) |
N3—C24 | 1.323 (3) | C1—H1A | 0.98 |
N3—C28 | 1.364 (3) | C1—H1B | 0.98 |
N4—C33 | 1.322 (3) | C1—H1C | 0.98 |
N4—C29 | 1.355 (3) | C4—H4 | 0.95 |
C1—C2 | 1.532 (3) | C7—H7A | 0.98 |
C2—C10 | 1.531 (3) | C7—H7B | 0.98 |
C2—C11 | 1.532 (3) | C7—H7C | 0.98 |
C2—C3 | 1.560 (3) | C8—H8A | 0.98 |
C3—C4 | 1.413 (3) | C8—H8B | 0.98 |
C4—C5 | 1.412 (3) | C8—H8C | 0.98 |
C5—C6 | 1.557 (3) | C9—H9A | 0.98 |
C6—C8 | 1.501 (4) | C9—H9B | 0.98 |
C6—C7 | 1.505 (3) | C9—H9C | 0.98 |
C6—C9 | 1.517 (4) | C10—H10A | 0.98 |
C12—C13 | 1.399 (4) | C10—H10B | 0.98 |
C13—C14 | 1.363 (4) | C10—H10C | 0.98 |
C14—C15 | 1.411 (3) | C11—H11A | 0.98 |
C15—C16 | 1.408 (3) | C11—H11B | 0.98 |
C15—C22 | 1.438 (3) | C11—H11C | 0.98 |
C16—C17 | 1.458 (3) | C12—H12 | 0.95 |
C17—C18 | 1.414 (3) | C13—H13 | 0.95 |
C18—C19 | 1.408 (3) | C14—H14 | 0.95 |
C18—C23 | 1.430 (3) | C19—H19 | 0.95 |
C19—C20 | 1.366 (4) | C20—H20 | 0.95 |
C20—C21 | 1.400 (3) | C21—H21 | 0.95 |
C22—C23 | 1.346 (3) | C22—H22 | 0.95 |
C24—C25 | 1.397 (4) | C23—H23 | 0.95 |
C25—C26 | 1.356 (4) | C24—H24 | 0.95 |
C26—C27 | 1.411 (4) | C25—H25 | 0.95 |
C27—C28 | 1.409 (3) | C26—H26 | 0.95 |
C27—C34 | 1.437 (4) | C31—H31 | 0.95 |
C28—C29 | 1.444 (3) | C32—H32 | 0.95 |
C29—C30 | 1.410 (3) | C33—H33 | 0.95 |
C30—C31 | 1.416 (4) | C34—H34 | 0.95 |
C30—C35 | 1.428 (4) | C35—H35 | 0.95 |
C31—C32 | 1.360 (5) | ||
O2—K—O1 | 66.14 (5) | C31—C32—C33 | 118.3 (3) |
O2—K—N2 | 123.01 (5) | N4—C33—C32 | 124.1 (3) |
O1—K—N2 | 75.49 (5) | C35—C34—C27 | 120.3 (3) |
O2—K—N1 | 118.37 (6) | C34—C35—C30 | 121.5 (3) |
O1—K—N1 | 126.21 (5) | C37—C36—C41 | 119.3 (3) |
N2—K—N1 | 57.30 (5) | C38—C37—C36 | 120.1 (3) |
O2—K—N4 | 139.87 (6) | C37—C38—C39 | 120.6 (3) |
O1—K—N4 | 131.66 (6) | C40—C39—C38 | 119.3 (3) |
N2—K—N4 | 97.12 (6) | C39—C40—C41 | 120.7 (3) |
N1—K—N4 | 81.98 (6) | C40—C41—C36 | 120.0 (3) |
O2—K—N3 | 83.86 (6) | C43—C42—C44i | 120.1 (3) |
O1—K—N3 | 112.11 (5) | C42—C43—C44 | 120.5 (3) |
N2—K—N3 | 151.44 (6) | C42i—C44—C43 | 119.3 (3) |
N1—K—N3 | 121.67 (5) | C2—C1—H1A | 109 |
N4—K—N3 | 56.63 (6) | C2—C1—H1B | 110 |
C3—O1—K | 136.73 (14) | C2—C1—H1C | 110 |
C5—O2—K | 139.17 (14) | H1A—C1—H1B | 109 |
C12—N1—C16 | 117.3 (2) | H1A—C1—H1C | 109 |
C12—N1—K | 119.26 (16) | H1B—C1—H1C | 109 |
C16—N1—K | 119.80 (13) | C3—C4—H4 | 117 |
C21—N2—C17 | 117.4 (2) | C5—C4—H4 | 117 |
C21—N2—K | 118.88 (15) | C6—C7—H7A | 109 |
C17—N2—K | 120.89 (14) | C6—C7—H7B | 109 |
C24—N3—C28 | 117.2 (2) | C6—C7—H7C | 109 |
C24—N3—K | 119.45 (16) | H7A—C7—H7B | 109 |
C28—N3—K | 120.72 (15) | H7A—C7—H7C | 109 |
C33—N4—C29 | 117.8 (2) | H7B—C7—H7C | 110 |
C33—N4—K | 118.67 (17) | C6—C8—H8A | 109 |
C29—N4—K | 121.08 (14) | C6—C8—H8B | 109 |
C10—C2—C11 | 109.19 (19) | C6—C8—H8C | 109 |
C10—C2—C1 | 108.36 (18) | H8A—C8—H8B | 110 |
C11—C2—C1 | 108.5 (2) | H8A—C8—H8C | 109 |
C10—C2—C3 | 114.97 (18) | H8B—C8—H8C | 110 |
C11—C2—C3 | 108.41 (18) | C6—C9—H9A | 110 |
C1—C2—C3 | 107.21 (16) | C6—C9—H9B | 109 |
O1—C3—C4 | 125.32 (18) | C6—C9—H9C | 110 |
O1—C3—C2 | 115.46 (18) | H9A—C9—H9B | 109 |
C4—C3—C2 | 119.21 (17) | H9A—C9—H9C | 109 |
C5—C4—C3 | 126.05 (18) | H9B—C9—H9C | 109 |
O2—C5—C4 | 125.9 (2) | C2—C10—H10A | 109 |
O2—C5—C6 | 115.19 (18) | C2—C10—H10B | 109 |
C4—C5—C6 | 118.94 (17) | C2—C10—H10C | 109 |
C8—C6—C7 | 109.8 (3) | H10A—C10—H10B | 110 |
C8—C6—C9 | 109.3 (3) | H10A—C10—H10C | 109 |
C7—C6—C9 | 106.1 (3) | H10B—C10—H10C | 110 |
C8—C6—C5 | 107.4 (2) | C2—C11—H11A | 109 |
C7—C6—C5 | 115.4 (2) | C2—C11—H11B | 109 |
C9—C6—C5 | 108.8 (2) | C2—C11—H11C | 109 |
N1—C12—C13 | 123.9 (2) | H11A—C11—H11B | 109 |
C14—C13—C12 | 119.2 (2) | H11A—C11—H11C | 109 |
C13—C14—C15 | 118.9 (2) | H11B—C11—H11C | 110 |
C16—C15—C14 | 118.0 (2) | N1—C12—H12 | 118 |
C16—C15—C22 | 120.3 (2) | C13—C12—H12 | 118 |
C14—C15—C22 | 121.8 (2) | C12—C13—H13 | 120 |
N1—C16—C15 | 122.69 (19) | C14—C13—H13 | 120 |
N1—C16—C17 | 118.3 (2) | C13—C14—H14 | 121 |
C15—C16—C17 | 119.0 (2) | C15—C14—H14 | 120 |
N2—C17—C18 | 123.1 (2) | C18—C19—H19 | 120 |
N2—C17—C16 | 118.0 (2) | C20—C19—H19 | 120 |
C18—C17—C16 | 118.9 (2) | C19—C20—H20 | 120 |
C19—C18—C17 | 117.3 (2) | C21—C20—H20 | 121 |
C19—C18—C23 | 122.8 (2) | N2—C21—H21 | 118 |
C17—C18—C23 | 119.9 (2) | C20—C21—H21 | 118 |
C20—C19—C18 | 119.4 (2) | C15—C22—H22 | 120 |
C19—C20—C21 | 119.1 (2) | C23—C22—H22 | 120 |
N2—C21—C20 | 123.8 (2) | C18—C23—H23 | 119 |
C23—C22—C15 | 120.4 (2) | C22—C23—H23 | 119 |
C22—C23—C18 | 121.6 (2) | N3—C24—H24 | 118 |
N3—C24—C25 | 124.1 (3) | C25—C24—H24 | 118 |
C26—C25—C24 | 119.3 (3) | C24—C25—H25 | 120 |
C25—C26—C27 | 119.1 (3) | C26—C25—H25 | 120 |
C28—C27—C26 | 117.9 (3) | C25—C26—H26 | 120 |
C28—C27—C34 | 119.8 (3) | C27—C26—H26 | 120 |
C26—C27—C34 | 122.3 (3) | C30—C31—H31 | 120 |
N3—C28—C27 | 122.4 (2) | C32—C31—H31 | 120 |
N3—C28—C29 | 117.8 (2) | C31—C32—H32 | 121 |
C27—C28—C29 | 119.8 (2) | C33—C32—H32 | 121 |
N4—C29—C30 | 122.7 (2) | N4—C33—H33 | 118 |
N4—C29—C28 | 118.8 (2) | C32—C33—H33 | 118 |
C30—C29—C28 | 118.5 (2) | C27—C34—H34 | 120 |
C29—C30—C31 | 116.9 (3) | C35—C34—H34 | 120 |
C29—C30—C35 | 120.1 (3) | C30—C35—H35 | 119 |
C31—C30—C35 | 123.0 (3) | C34—C35—H35 | 119 |
C32—C31—C30 | 120.1 (2) |
Symmetry code: (i) −x+1, −y+2, −z+2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | [K(C11H19O2)(C12H8N2)2]·1.5C6H6 |
Mr | 699.93 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/c |
Temperature (K) | 100 |
a, b, c (Å) | 10.110 (2), 22.419 (5), 17.099 (3) |
β (°) | 98.55 (3) |
V (Å3) | 3832.5 (13) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.18 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.50 × 0.30 × 0.20 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Stoe IPDS |
Absorption correction | – |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 26291, 9857, 6012 |
Rint | 0.087 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.686 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.066, 0.126, 1.00 |
No. of reflections | 9857 |
No. of parameters | 466 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.31, −0.30 |
Computer programs: IPDS (Stoe & Cie, 1996), IPDS, SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1990), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997), DIAMOND (Bergerhoff et al., 1996), publCIF (Version 1.0c; Westrip, 2007).
K—O2 | 2.6051 (16) | K—N1 | 2.866 (2) |
K—O1 | 2.6946 (15) | K—N4 | 2.8749 (19) |
K—N2 | 2.852 (2) | K—N3 | 2.890 (2) |
O2—K—O1 | 66.14 (5) | N4—K—N3 | 56.63 (6) |
N2—K—N1 | 57.30 (5) |
Metal β-diketonates (especially acetylacetonates and dipivaloylmethanates) are widely used as volatile precursors for MOCVD deposition of thin films. In order to obtain a volatile precursor one should synthesize a substance with molecular crystal structure and low inter-molecular interactions. This task has not been solved yet for potassium, a large single charged cation that forms usually ionic crystals. Unfortunately, the coordination sphere of potassium (also Alkali Earth and Rare Earth elements) is not saturated by only the β-diketonate anion. This leads to the polymerization due to bridging function of ligands or solvent molecules and therefore to the reduction of volatility. A potassium precursor is essential for MOCVD of ferroelectric KNbO3 thin films (Romanov et al., 2004, Murzina et al., 2006). We report here the first potassium heteroligand β-diketonate complex with a mononuclear structure K(dpm)(phen)2˙1.5C6H6.
The crystal structure is built by the packing of voluminous K(dpm)(phen)2 molecules and solvate benzene molecules lying in the lattice cavities. In the K(dpm)(phen)2 molecule, the potassium cation has a distorted trigonal-prismatical coordination (CN=6) formed by four nitrogen atoms from two chelating phenanthroline ligands and by two oxygen atoms from chelating dipivaloylmethanate-anion (Fig. 1). The ligands do not exhibit a bridging function, therefore the molecules are monomeric and the compound has a molecular structure. The K···O1 and K···O2 distances are similar because of electron density delocalization in the chelating part of the dpm--anion. The K+ ion is displaced from the planes of the phenanthroline ligangs by 0.80 (1) Å. The K···N distances are comparable with those found in [K2(phen)6]2+[BPh4]-2 (Bombieri et al., 1984).
The phenanthroline molecules lie in nearly orthogonal planes and participate in intermolecular stacking interaction of the face-to-face type with the neighboring K(dpm)(phen)2 molecules (Fig. 2). No intramolecular stacking interaction similar to that found in [K2(phen)6]2+[BPh4]-2 (Bombieri et al., 1984) occurs in the title crystal structure. The distance between parallel planes of phen-ligands (3.48 (5) Å) is typical for stacking distances in related compounds like Ba(dpm)2(phen)2 (Soboleva et al., 1995) or La(dpm)3(phen) (Minacheva et al., 2003) or La(hfa)3(phen)2 (Rogachev et al., 2005). The stacking interaction between phen-ligands of neighboring molecules causes their association with the formation of chains along [001] direction. The solvate benzene molecules are edge-to-face stacked with phenanthroline ligands, while the molecular centroid separations are 4.9 – 5.2 Å, being in a good agreement with the values observed for the stacking interaction in a benzene pair (C6H6)2 (Dance, 2003).