Monte Carlo simulation of the effect of counting losses on measured X-ray intensities

The statistical properties of intensities affected by counting loss based on conventional non-extended and extended dead-time models are examined by a Monte Carlo method. It has been confirmed that the variance of the counted pulses for the non-extended dead-time model with the rate of generated pulses r and the dead-time τ is given by , while that for the extended dead-time model is given by , as proposed by Laundy & Collins [(2003). J. Synchrotron Rad. 10, 214–218], for the mean values of counted pulses μ_non and μ_ext, respectively. Practical formulae to estimate the statistical errors of the corrected intensities are also presented.