Abstract
We present a mixed-spin cluster expansion method to discuss the quantum phase transitions for the Haldane system in two and three dimensions. By mapping the antiferromagnetic spin model on square and cubic lattices to the equivalent mixed-spin model, we study the competition among the Haldane, the dimer, and the magnetically ordered phases. The mixed-spin cluster expansion proposed here realizes the notion of the valence bond solid in a perturbation theory. This method allows us to directly deal with the Haldane phase, which may not be reached by standard series expansion methods. The zero-temperature phase diagram is thus determined rather precisely for the two- and three-dimensional Haldane systems.
- Received 21 October 1999
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.61.6133
©2000 American Physical Society