Figure 1

Torsional alignment vs the interaction parameter ${\Omega }_0$ at a temperature of $T=30\mathrm{K}$ (dashed curves) and $T=77\mathrm{K}$ (solid curves). The field-free torsional potential is $V_{\mathrm{tor}}(\beta )=V_0[1-\cos (4\beta -\pi )]$ (diamonds); $V_{\mathrm{tor}}(\beta )=0$ (circles); and $V_{\mathrm{tor}}(\beta )=V_0[1-\cos (4\beta )]$ (triangles) with a barrier $2V_0=62\mathrm{meV}$.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 2

Dashed curves: rate vs free energy change $\Delta G$ for an electron transfer reaction where the donor group includes a biphenyl group and the initial and final states are displaced in equilibrium in the torsional mode, see, e.g., 13. Alignment controls the charge transfer through its effect on the reorganization energy. Solid curves: transfer rate for a reaction where the donor and acceptor groups are attached to the two rings of a biphenyl and the initial and final states have the same torsional equilibrium configuration. Alignment controls the charge transfer by confining the system to the configuration where the electronic coupling strength is maximum. The interaction strength is ${\Omega }_0=0$ (circles), 600 (triangles), 900 (diamonds), and 1200 (squares) and the temperature is 77 K.Reuse & Permissions