Figure 1

False-color image of the square modulus of the optical polarization $P$ (normalized) versus spectrometer frequency $\omega$ in units of the carrier frequency ${\omega }_0$ with $\hslash {\omega }_0=1.5\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}$. The peak Rabi frequency of the exciting ${\mathrm{s}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{c}}^2(t)$ pulses with duration $t_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}$ is ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{R}}/{\omega }_0=0.76$. (a) Signal versus transition frequency $\Omega$ for a fixed CEO phase $\varphi =0$ and $t_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}=5\mathrm{f}\mathrm{s}$. The white curve is a cut through the data at $\Omega /{\omega }_0=2$ (linear scale). The laser pulse spectrum is shown as the grey area on the RHS. (b) Signal versus pulse duration $t_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}$ for fixed $\Omega /{\omega }_0=2$ and $\varphi =0$. (c) Signal versus $\varphi$ for fixed $\Omega /{\omega }_0=2$ and $t_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}=5\mathrm{f}\mathrm{s}$.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 2

Theory, ${\tilde{E}}_0=6\times {10}^9\mathrm{V}\mathrm{/}\mathrm{m}$ at $\tau =0$. (a) False-color image of the light intensity (normalized) emitted into the forward direction versus spectrometer photon energy $\hslash \omega$ and time delay $\tau$. The data are averaged over $\varphi =0\dots 2\pi$. The thin black lines are a guide to the eye. The white curve labeled IAC is the interferometric autocorrelation of the laser pulses. (b) Radio-frequency power spectrum $S_{\mathrm{r}\mathrm{f}}$ of the intensity at the spectral position indicated by the arrow on the LHS in (a), $\tau =0$.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 3

Experiment, ${\tilde{E}}_0=6\times {10}^9\mathrm{V}\mathrm{/}\mathrm{m}$ at $\tau =0$. (a) False-color image of the light intensity (normalized) emitted into the forward direction versus spectrometer photon energy $\hslash \omega$ and time delay $\tau$. $\varphi$ is not stabilized. The thin black lines are a guide to the eye. The white curve labeled IAC is the interferometric autocorrelation of the laser pulses, obtained from an independent measurement using a $\beta$-barium borate SHG crystal. (b) Radio-frequency power spectrum $S_{\mathrm{r}\mathrm{f}}$ of the intensity in the spectral interval indicated by the grey area on the LHS in (a), $\tau =0$. Note the good agreement with the theory calculated under the same conditions (Fig. 2); the data in Fig. 2a are equidistant in photon energy, those in (a) are equidistant in wavelength.Reuse & Permissions