Abstract
It is shown that the poloidal momentum balance equation in tokamaks has bifurcated solutions. The poloidal flow velocity can suddenly become more positive when the ion collisionality decreases. The corresponding radial electric field becomes more negative and hence suppresses the turbulent fluctuations. Thus, plasma confinement is improved. The theory is employed to explain the L-H transition observed in tokamaks.
- Received 13 July 1989
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.63.2369
©1989 American Physical Society