Witnessing Nonequilibrium Entanglement Dynamics in a Strongly Correlated Fermionic Chain

Denitsa R. Baykusheva, Mona H. Kalthoff, Damian Hofmann, Martin Claassen, Dante M. Kennes, Michael A. Sentef, and Matteo Mitrano

Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 106902 – Published 6 March 2023

Abstract

Many-body entanglement in condensed matter systems can be diagnosed from equilibrium response functions through the use of entanglement witnesses and operator-specific quantum bounds. Here, we investigate the applicability of this approach for detecting entangled states in quantum systems driven out of equilibrium. We use a multipartite entanglement witness, the quantum Fisher information, to study the dynamics of a paradigmatic fermion chain undergoing a time-dependent change of the Coulomb interaction. Our results show that the quantum Fisher information is able to witness distinct signatures of multipartite entanglement both near and far from equilibrium that are robust against decoherence. We discuss implications of these findings for probing entanglement in light-driven quantum materials with time-resolved optical and x-ray scattering methods.

Received 21 August 2022
Revised 13 January 2023
Accepted 18 January 2023

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.106902

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Entanglement detection Quantum entanglement Quantum phase transitions Spinless fermions Ultrafast magnetization dynamics

1-dimensional spin chains Strongly correlated systems

Density matrix renormalization group Exact diagonalization Ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy

Condensed Matter, Materials & Applied PhysicsQuantum Information, Science & Technology

Authors & Affiliations

Denitsa R. Baykusheva ^1,*, Mona H. Kalthoff², Damian Hofmann ², Martin Claassen ³, Dante M. Kennes ^4,2, Michael A. Sentef ², and Matteo Mitrano ^1,†

¹Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
²Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
³Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
⁴Institut für Theorie der Statistischen Physik, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany and JARA-Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, 52056 Aachen, Germany