A path-integral formulation is used to study the fluctuation-induced interactions between manifolds of arbitrary shape at large separations. It is shown that the form of the interactions crucially depends on the choice of the boundary condition. In particular, whether or not the Casimir interaction is pairwise additive is shown to depend on whether the “metallic” boundary condition corresponds to a “grounded” or an “isolated” manifold.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.62.5242