Figure 1

(a) Schematic representation of the momentum kick model. A jet pair (represented by thick arrows) occur back-to-back in a dense medium created in the collision. The jets collide with medium partons, lose energy, and fragment into near-side jet fragments (NJF) and away-side jet fragments (AJF). The near-side kicked medium partons (NMKP) and away-side kicked medium partons (AMKP) (represented by open circular points) that are kicked by the jets acquire a momentum kick along the jet directions and become correlated with the jets at $\Delta \phi \sim 0$ and $\Delta \phi \sim \pi$ as associated “ridge” particles. (b) The CMS data for high-multiplicity $pp$ collisions at 7 TeV [1]. Different regions of the $\Delta \phi$-$\Delta \eta$ correlations may be identified as correlations of different particles associated with the jet fragments (JF) or kicked medium partons (KMP).Reuse & Permissions

Figure 2

The $p_T$ distribution of associated particles for AuAu collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{NN}}}=0.2$ TeV as a function of $p_T$. The curves are momentum kick model results and the data points are from the STAR Collaboration [3, 5].Reuse & Permissions

Figure 3

The transverse coordinate system used to calculate the number of kicked medium partons along the jet trajectory in the collision of $A$ and $B$ at an impact parameter $\mathit{b}={\mathit{b}}_A-{\mathit{b}}_B$. The jet source point is ${\mathit{b}}_0$ and the jet-(medium parton) collision point is ${\mathit{b}}^{\prime }$. The jet trajectory lies along $\mathit{l}$ and makes an angle ${\phi }_s$ with respect to the reaction plane.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 4

The number of average kicked medium partons $N_k\left(\mathit{b}\right)$ per minimum-bias trigger particle as a function of charge multiplicity $N_{\mathrm{ch}}\left(\mathit{b}\right)$.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 5

The ridge yield per minimum-bias trigger particle for different regions of associated particle $p_T$, as a function of the multiplicity in the interval $2<\left|\Delta \eta \right|<4.8$; (a) is for $0.1<p_T<1$ GeV/$c$, (b) for $1<p_T<2$ GeV/$c$, (c) for $0.2<p_T<3$ GeV/$c$, and (d) for $3<p_T<4$ GeV/$c$.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 6

The distribution of associated particles for $pp$ collisions at 7 TeV calculated in the momentum kick model. The peaks of the distributions have been truncated at the top. Figure 5a is for $0.1<p_T<1$ GeV/$c$ and Fig. 5b is for $1<p_T<3$ GeV/$c$.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 7

The $p_T$ distribution of associated particles for central $pp$ collisions at 7 TeV obtained in the momentum kick model.Reuse & Permissions