We report the thermodynamic potential for single-domain (110) thin films epitaxially grown on dissimilar cubic substrates. Using different sets of paraelectric phase elastic compliance coefficients of ${\mathrm{PbTiO}}_3$ single crystal, calculated from the experimental room-temperature values, we predict rotational phases similar to those observed in (001) thin films under anisotropic biaxial misfit strain. The new sets of elastic compliance coefficients also predict a triclinic phase that could potentially lead to the enhancement of both dielectric and piezoelectric properties. We also conducted experimental studies on highly tetragonal monocrystalline ${\mathrm{PbZr}}_{0.05}{\mathrm{Ti}}_{0.95}{\mathrm{O}}_3$ thin films of different thicknesses, epitaxially grown on (110) ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_3$ substrate by pulsed laser deposition technique. Piezoresponse force microscopy measurements showed that the as-grown films were single domain with the $a_{2}c$ phase, which corroborates with the prediction of the theory. Moreover, the $T_c$ values of both thin and thick films (17–90 nm) also fell within the predicted range $(540–600{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C})$. The measured remanet polarization of $57\mu \mathrm{C}/{\mathrm{cm}}^2$ was in good agreement with the theoretical values of $55–58\mu \mathrm{C}/{\mathrm{cm}}^2$. Small-signal piezoelectric response measurements gave a piezoelectric coefficient of 40 pm/V, which is also in good agreement with the numerically calculated values of 38–42 pm/V.

• Received 20 May 2015
• Revised 27 January 2016

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.93.144113