Techniques used to search for a permanent electric dipole moment of the ${}^{199}$Hg atom and the implications for $\mathit{CP}$ violation

Techniques used to search for a permanent electric dipole moment of the $^{199}$ Hg atom and the implications for $CP$ violation

M. D. Swallows, T. H. Loftus, W. C. Griffith, B. R. Heckel, E. N. Fortson, and M. V. Romalis

Phys. Rev. A 87, 012102 – Published 3 January 2013

Abstract

We discuss in detail the search for a permanent electric dipole moment (EDM) of the $^{199} Hg$ atom reported by Griffith et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 101601 (2009)]. The upper bound, $d (^{199} Hg) < 3.1 \times 10^{- 29}$ $e$ cm (95 $%$ C.L.), is a factor of 7 improvement over the best previous EDM limit for $^{199}$ Hg, provides the most sensitive probe to date for EDMs in diamagnetic atoms, and sets new limits on time-reversal symmetry violation in extensions to the standard model. This paper provides extensive discussion of the techniques used to search for the $^{199} Hg$ EDM and the implications of the new $^{199} Hg$ EDM limit for $CP$ violation in elementary particle interactions.

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Received 29 August 2012

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.87.012102

Authors & Affiliations

M. D. Swallows^*, T. H. Loftus^*, W. C. Griffith^†, B. R. Heckel, and E. N. Fortson

Department of Physics, Box 351560, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1560, USA

M. V. Romalis

Department of Physics, Princeton Univeristy, Princeton, New Jersey 02138-1234, USA

^*Present address: AOSense, Inc., Sunnyvale, California 94085, USA.
^†Present address: Subatomic Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.

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Physical Review A

covering atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum information

Techniques used to search for a permanent electric dipole moment of the $^{199}$ Hg atom and the implications for $CP$ violation

M. D. Swallows, T. H. Loftus, W. C. Griffith, B. R. Heckel, E. N. Fortson, and M. V. Romalis

Phys. Rev. A 87, 012102 – Published 3 January 2013

Abstract

Authors & Affiliations

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Physical Review A

covering atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum information

Techniques used to search for a permanent electric dipole moment of the 199Hg atom and the implications for CP violation

M. D. Swallows, T. H. Loftus, W. C. Griffith, B. R. Heckel, E. N. Fortson, and M. V. Romalis

Phys. Rev. A 87, 012102 – Published 3 January 2013

Abstract

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Techniques used to search for a permanent electric dipole moment of the $^{199}$ Hg atom and the implications for $CP$ violation