Abstract
The structure and stability of various vortices in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates are investigated by solving the extended Gross-Pitaevskii equation under rotation. We perform an extensive search for stable vortices, considering both axisymmetric and nonaxisymmetric vortices and covering a wide range of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions. The topological defect called the Mermin-Ho (Anderson-Toulouse) vortex is shown to be stable for the ferromagnetic case. The phase diagram is established in a plane of external rotation versus total magnetization M by comparing the free energies of possible vortices. It is shown that there are qualitative differences between axisymmetric and nonaxisymmetric vortices which are manifested in the and M dependences.
- Received 26 July 2002
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.66.053610
©2002 American Physical Society