The network structure offers in principle the possibility for novel forms of quantum nonlocal correlations, that are proper to networks and cannot be traced back to standard quantum Bell nonlocality. Here we define a notion of genuine network quantum nonlocality. Our approach is operational and views standard quantum nonlocality as a resource for producing correlations in networks. We show several examples of correlations that are genuine network nonlocal, considering the so-called bilocality network of entanglement swapping. In particular, we present an example of quantum self-testing which relies on the network structure; the considered correlations are nonbilocal, but are local according to the usual definition of Bell locality.

• Received 20 July 2021
• Revised 14 October 2021
• Accepted 24 December 2021

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.105.022206