Scale-invariant relaxation dynamics in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates with large particle-number imbalance

Kazuya Fujimoto, Kazunori Haneda, Kazue Kudo, and Yuki Kawaguchi
Phys. Rev. A 101, 023608 – Published 18 February 2020

Abstract

We theoretically study the scale-invariant relaxation dynamics in segregating two-component Bose-Einstein condensates with large particle-number imbalance and uncover that the random walk of droplets for the minor component plays a fundamental role in the relaxation process. Our numerical simulations based on the binary Gross-Pitaevskii model reveal the emergence of the dynamical scaling during the relaxation, which is a hallmark of scale-invariant dynamics, in a correlation function for the minor condensate. Tracking exponents characterizing the dynamical scaling in time, we find a crossover phenomenon that features the change in power exponents of the correlation length. To understand the fundamental mechanism inherent in the scale-invariant relaxation dynamics, we construct a random-walk model for droplets. Employing the model, we analytically derive the 1/3 and 1/2 power laws and predict the crossover of the scaling. These exponents are in reasonable agreement with the values obtained in the numerical calculations. We also discuss a possible experimental setup for observing the scale-invariant dynamics.

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  • Received 5 August 2019
  • Revised 14 January 2020
  • Accepted 16 January 2020

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.101.023608

©2020 American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Fluid DynamicsAtomic, Molecular & OpticalStatistical Physics & Thermodynamics

Authors & Affiliations

Kazuya Fujimoto1,2, Kazunori Haneda2, Kazue Kudo3, and Yuki Kawaguchi2

  • 1Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
  • 2Department of Applied Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
  • 3Department of Computer Science, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan

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Issue

Vol. 101, Iss. 2 — February 2020

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