1887

Microbiology Society logo

Volume 143, Issue 5

The flagellin -methylase gene and an adjacent serovar-specific IS element in Free

Abstract

The cloning and molecular genetic analysis of a locus mapping within the flagellar gene () complex of is reported. A copy of the insertion element IS was located in a noncoding stretch of DNA upstream of the gene. Comparative nucleotide sequence analysis showed that this copy of IS was 711 bp long and that its flanking regions contained no features common to other characterized insertion sites of this element. The element was located 37 bp downstream of an ORF whose product was shown by interspecific transfer and amino acid analysis to carry out -methylation of selected lysine residues in The sequence and phenotype of this ORF identified it as encoding the only prokaryotic -methylase acting on amino groups to have been characterized to date. It was found to be conserved among all clinically significant serovars of The IS insertion site is of particular interest since it was conserved in all but two rare evolutionary lines of and was absent from 85 strains belonging to 37 other serovars. It is thus a phylogenetically significant marker at the serovar level.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Revised:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): DNA insertion elements , flagellin , methyltransferases , phylogeny and Salmonella typhimurium
© Society Society for General Microbiology 1997
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-143-5-1539
1997-05-01
2024-04-19
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/143/5/mic-143-5-1539.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-143-5-1539&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Baquar N., Threlfall E. J., Rowe B., Stanley J. 1993; Molecular subtyping within a single Salmonella typhimurium phage type, DT204c, with a PCR-generated probe for 200. FEMS Microbiol Lett 112:217–222
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Baquar N., Burnens A., Stanley J. 1994a; Comparative evaluation of molecular typing of strains from a national epidemic due to Salmonella brandenburg by rRNA gene and IS200probes and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. J Clin Microbiol 32:1876–1880
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Baquar N., Threlfall E.J., Rowe B., Stanley J. 1994b; Phage type 193 of Salmonella typhimurium contains different chromosomal genotypes and multiple IS200 profiles. FEMS Microbiol Lett 115:291–295
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Belas R, Flaherty D. 1994; Sequence and genetic analysis of multiple flagellin-encoding genes from Proteus mirabilis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 115:291–295
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Beltran P., Plock S.A., Smith N. H., Whittam T. S., Old D. C., Selander R. K. 1991; Reference collection of strains of the Salmonella typhimurium complex from natural populations. J Gen Microbiol 137:601–606
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Berry A. M., Lock R.A., Thomas S. M., Rajan D.P., Hansman D., Paton J. C. 1991; Reference collection of strains of the Salmonella typhimurium complex from natural populations. J Gen Microbiol 137:601–606
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Bik E.M., Gouw R.D., Mooi F.R. 1991; Reference collection of strains of the Salmonella typhimurium complex from natural populations. J Gen Microbiol 137:601–606
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Bisercic M., Ochman H. 1993a; The ancestry of insertion sequences common to Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. J Bacteriol 175:7863–7868
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Bisercic M., Ochman H. 1993b; Natural populations of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium harbor the same classes of insertion sequences. Genetics 133:449–454
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Boyd E. F., Wang F.S., Beltran P., Plock S. A., Nelson K., Selander R.K. 1993b; Natural populations of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium harbor the same classes of insertion sequences. Genetics 133:449–454
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Brynestad S., Iwanejko L.A., Stewart G. S. A. B., Granum P.E. 1994; A complex array of Hpr consensus DNA recognition sequences proximal to the enterotoxin gene in Clostridium perfringens type A. Microbiology 140:97–104
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Casadesus J., Roth J.R. 1989; Absence of insertions among spontaneous mutants of Salmonella typhimurium. Mol Gen Genet 216:210–216
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Doll L., Frankel G. 1993; Cloning and sequencing of two new fzi genes, the products of which are essential for Salmonella flagellar biosynthesis. Gene 126:119–121
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Ezquerra E., Burnens A., Jones C., Stanley J. 1993; Genotypic typing and phylogenetic analysis of Salmonella paratyphi B and S. java with 200 . J Gen Microbiol 139:2409
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Frankel G., Newton S. M., Schoolnik G. K., Stocker B. A. 1989; Unique sequences in region VI of the flagellin gene of Salmonella typhi. Mol Microbiol 3:1379–1383
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Gibert I., Carroll K., Hillyard D.R., Barbe J., Casadesus J. 1991; 200 is not a member of the IS600 family of insertion sequences. Nucleic Acids Res 19:1343
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Homma M., DeRosier D.J., Macnab R.M. 1990; Flagellar hook and hook-associated proteins of Salmonella typhimurium and their relationship to other axial components of the flagellum. J Mol Biol 213:819–832
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Ibrahim M., Fleet G.H., Lyons M.J., Walker R.A. 1985; Method for the isolation of highly purified Salmonella flagellins . J Clin Microbiol 22:1040–1044
     [Google Scholar]
  19. lino T., Komeda Y., Kutsukake K., Macnab R.M., Matsumura P., Parkinson J.S., Simon M.I., Yamaguchi S. 1988; New unified nomenclature for the flagellar genes of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Microbiol Rev 52:533–535
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Iriarte M., Stanier I., Mikulskis A.V., Cornelis G.R. 1995; The FliA gene encoding σ28 in Yersinia enterocolitica. J Bacteriol 177:2299–2304
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Joys T.M. 1985; The covalent structure of the phase-1 flagellar filament protein of Salmonella typhimurium and its comparison with other flagellins. J Biol Chem 260:15758–15761
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Joys T.M., Kim H. 1979; The susceptibility to tryptic hydrolysis of peptide bonds involving epsilon-N-methyllysine. Biochim Biophys Acta 581:360–362
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Kanto S., Okino H., Aizawa S., Yamaguchi S. 1991; Amino acids responsible for flagellar shape are distributed in terminal regions of flagellin. J Mol Biol 219:471–480
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Kawagishi I., MUller V., Williams A.W., Irikura V.M., Macnab R.M. 1992; Subdivision of flagellar region I11 of the Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium chromosomes and identification of two additional flagellar genes. J Gen Microbiol 138:1051–1065
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Kilger G., Grimont P.A.D., Williams A.W., Irikura V.M., Macnab R.M. 1992; Differentiation of Salmonella phase 1 flagellar antigen types by restriction of the amplified fliC gene. J Clin Microbiol 31:1108–1110
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Konno R., Fujita H., Horiguchi T., Yamaguchi S. 1976; Precise position of the nml locus on the genetic map of Salmonella. J Gen Microbiol 93:182–184
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Lam S., Roth J.R. 1983; 200: a Salmonella-specific insertion sequence. Cell 34:951–960
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Li J., Nelson K., McWhorter A.C., Whittam T.S., Selander R.K. 1994; Recombinational basis of serovar diversity in Salmonella enterica . Proc Nut1 Acad Sci USA 91:2552–2556
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Newton S.M., Jacob C.O., Stocker B.A. 1989; Immune response to cholera toxin epitope inserted in Salmonella flagellin. Science 244:70–72
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Newton S.M.C., Joys T.M., Anderson S.A., Kennedy R.C., Hovi M.E., Stocker B. A. D. 1995; Expression and immunogenicity of an 18-residue epitope of HIVl gp41 inserted in the flagellar protein of a Salmonella live vaccine. Res Microbiol 146:203–216
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Ohnishi K., Kutsukake K., Suzuki H., lino T. 1995; Expression and immunogenicity of an 18-residue epitope of HIVl gp41 inserted in the flagellar protein of a Salmonella live vaccine. Res Microbiol 146:203–216
     [Google Scholar]
  32. óReilly C., Black G.W., Laffey R., McConnell D.J. 1990; Molecular analysis of an IS200insertion in the gpt gene of Salmonella typhimurium LT2. J Bacteriol 146:203–216
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Pitcher D. G., Saunders N.A., Owen R.J. 1989; Rapid extraction of bacterial genomic DNA with guanidium thiocyanate. Lett Appl Microbiol8 8:151–156
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Sambrook J., Fritsch E.F., Maniatis T. 1989; Molecular Cloning: a Laboratory Manual, 2nd edn. Cold Spring Harbor, NY. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
     [Google Scholar]
  35. Sanderson K.E., Sciore P., Liu S.L., Hessel A. 1993; Location of IS200on the genomic cleavage map of Salmonella typhimurium LT2. J Bacteriol 175:7624–7628
     [Google Scholar]
  36. Schnabel H., Palm P., Dick K., Grampp B. 1984; Sequence analysis of the insertion element ISH-1.8 and of associated structural changes in the genome of phage phi-H of the archaebacterium Halobacterium halobium. EMBO J 3:1717–1722
     [Google Scholar]
  37. Simonet M., Riot B., Fortineau N., Berche P. 1996; Invasin production by Yersinia pestis is abolished by insertion of an 200-like element within the inv gene. Infect Zmmun 64:375–379
     [Google Scholar]
  38. Smith N.H., Beltran P., Selander R.K. 1990; Recombination of Salmonella phase 1 flagellin genes generates new serovars. J Bacteriol 172:2209–2216
     [Google Scholar]
  39. Stanley J., Baquar N., Threlfall E.J. 1993; Genotypes and phylogenetic relationships of Salmonella typhimurium are defined by molecular fingerprinting of IS200and 16s rrn loci. J Gen Microbiol 139:1133–1140
     [Google Scholar]
  40. Stanley J., Powell C., Jones C., Burnens A.P. 1994; A framework for 200,16S rRNA gene and plasmid-profile analysis in Salmonella serogroup D1. J Med Microbiol 41:112–119
     [Google Scholar]
  41. Stanley J., Baquar N., Burnens A. 1995; Molecular subtyping scheme for Salmonella panama. J Clin Microbiol 33:1206–1211
     [Google Scholar]
  42. Stocker B.A.D., McDonough M.W., Ambler R.P. 1961; A gene determining presence or absence of epsilon-N-methyl-lysine in Salmonella flagellar protein. Nature 189:556–558
     [Google Scholar]
  43. Strom M. S., Nunn D. N., Lory S. 1993; A single bifunctional enzyme, PilD, catalyses cleavage and N-methylation of proteins belonging to the type IV pilin family. Proc Nut1 Acad Sci USA 90:2404–2408
     [Google Scholar]
  44. Threlfall E. J., Torre E., Ward L. R., Rowe B., Gibert I. 1993; Insertion sequence IS200can differentiate drug-resistant and drug-sensitive Salmonella typhi of Vi-phage types E l and M1. J Med Microbiol 39:454–458
     [Google Scholar]
  45. Verma N.K., Ziegler H.K., Stocker B. A. D., Schoolnik G.K. 1995; Induction of a cellular immune response to a defined Tcell epitope as an insert in the flagellin of a live vaccine strain of Salmonella. Vaccine 13:235–244
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-143-5-1539
Loading
The flagellin N-methylase gene fliB and an adjacent serovar-specific IS200 element in Salmonella typhimurium
Microbiology 143, 1539 (1997); https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-143-5-1539
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-143-5-1539
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-143-5-1539
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error