Tryptophan Metabolism: A Link Between the Gut Microbiota and Brain
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This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31430082) and the National Key Basic Research Program of China (2013CB127300).
Author disclosures: The authors report no conflicts of interest.
Abbreviations: Ah, aryl hydrocarbon receptor; ASD, autism spectrum disorder; BBB, blood-brain barrier; CNS, central nervous system; EC, enterochromaffin cell; ENS, enteric nervous system; FOS, fructooligosaccharides; GBA, gut-brain axis; GF, germ free; GI, gastrointestinal; HC, healthy control; HDAC, histone deacetylase; IAA, indole-3-acetic acid; IAld, indole-3-aldehyde; IBS, irritable bowel syndrome; IDO, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase; ILA, indole-3-lactic acid; IPA, indolic-3-propionic acid; KYNA, kynurenic acid; MAO, monoamine oxidase; miRNA, micro RNA; NMDA, N-methyl D-aspartate; QUIN, quinolinic acid; SERT, serotonin-selective reuptake transporter; STAT1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1; TDO, tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase; TLR, Toll-like receptor; TnaA, tryptophanase; TPH, tryptophan hydroxylase; TrpD, tryptophan decarboxylase.