Glutamine Metabolism in Macrophages: A Novel Target for Obesity/Type 2 Diabetes
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open access
α-ketoglutarate
diabetes
glutamine
obesity
macrophages
succinate
Abbreviations used
BMDM
bone-marrow–derived macrophage
CCL2
chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2
FAO
fatty acid oxidation
GABA
γ-aminobutyric acid
GlcNAc
N-acetylglucosamine
GPR91
G protein–coupled receptor 91
GS
glutamine synthetase
HIF
hypoxia inducible factor
IKK
inhibitor of NF-κB kinase
IRF
interferon regulatory factor
OXPHOS
oxidative phosphorylation
PPP
pentose phosphate pathway
TCA
tricarboxylic acid
Th
T-helper
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Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China grants 31872365 (to WR) and 31790411 (to JD) and “Innovation Platform and Talents Program” of Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department grant 2018RS3105 (to YY).
Author disclosures: WR, YX, SC, GW, FWB, BZ, BT, GZ, JD, and YY, no conflicts of interest.
© 2019 American Society for Nutrition