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Development of a custom on-line ultrasonic vapour analyzer/flowmeter for the ATLAS inner detector, with application to gaseous tracking and Cherenkov detectors

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Published 3 January 2013 • Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd
, , Citation R Bates et al 2013 JINST 8 C01002 DOI 10.1088/1748-0221/8/01/C01002

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Author affiliations

1 SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G62 7QB, Scotland, UK

2 CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland

3 Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France

4 The Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, 440 W. Brooks St., Norman, OK 73019, USA

5 Department of Physics, Indiana University, 727 East 3rd St., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA

6 Dept. Applied Physics, Czech Technical University, Technická 4, 166 07 Prague 6, Czech Republic

7 B.P. Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (PNPI), Gatchina, Leningrad District, 188300 St. Petersburg, Russia

8 STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot OX11 OQX, UK

9 Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan

10 Department of Mechanical Engineering — Thermal Energy and Air Conditioning Division, Università degli Studi di Genova, Via All'Opera Pia 15a, 16145 Genova, Italy

Dates

  1. Received 30 October 2012
  2. Accepted 13 November 2012
  3. Published

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1748-0221/8/01/C01002

Abstract

Precision sound velocity measurements can simultaneously determine binary gas composition and flow. We have developed an analyzer with custom electronics, currently in use in the ATLAS inner detector, with numerous potential applications. The instrument has demonstrated ∼ 0.3% mixture precision for C3F8/C2F6 mixtures and < 10−4 resolution for N2/C3F8 mixtures. Moderate and high flow versions of the instrument have demonstrated flow resolutions of ± 2% of full scale for flows up to 250 l min−1, and ± 1.9% of full scale for linear flow velocities up to 15 m s−1; the latter flow approaching that expected in the vapour return of the thermosiphon fluorocarbon coolant recirculator being built for the ATLAS silicon tracker.

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10.1088/1748-0221/8/01/C01002