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J Pediatr Infect Dis 2023; 18(02): 071-076
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1760410
Original Article

Epidemiology and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Propensity of Viral Respiratory Infections in Pediatric Intensive Care Units Prior to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

Gültaç Evren 
1   Manisa City Hospital, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Manisa, Türkiye
,
Tolga Besci
2   Izmir Buca Seyfi Demirsoy Training and Research Hospital, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Izmir, Türkiye
,
Özgür Appak
3   Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Medical Microbiology, Izmir, Türkiye
,
Ayça Arzu Sayıner
3   Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Medical Microbiology, Izmir, Türkiye
,
Gazi Arslan
4   Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Izmir, Türkiye
,
Murat Duman
5   Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Emergency Care, Izmir, Türkiye
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Abstract

Objective This study aimed to determine the epidemiology and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) propensity of common respiratory viruses in a tertiary pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) among hospitalized children who were tested for respiratory viruses by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) prior to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods Respiratory tract samples were collected from patients who were followed up in the Dokuz Eylul University Hospital pediatric intensive care unit between March 2015 and March 2020 and tested for viral pathogens. The results of 269 patients between 1 month and 18 years of age were evaluated retrospectively.

Results In the 5 years preceding the COVID-19 pandemic, 269 patients with a lower respiratory infection were admitted to the PICU. A positive viral PCR result was detected in 160 patients (59.5%). Human rhinovirus was the most common virus (40%), followed by respiratory syncytial virus (26.3%), human bocavirus (10%), and seasonal coronaviruses (10%). Five (33.3%) of the fifteen children who developed ARDS were infected with influenza A/B, while four (26.7%) were infected with human metapneumovirus (hMPV).

Conclusion Although rhinovirus was the most common viral agent in critically ill children, the incidence of ARDS was higher in children aged over 1 year who had influenza or hMPV infection.

Keywords

virus - respiratory infection - pediatric intensive care - epidemiology - ARDS


Publication History

Received: 16 September 2022

Accepted: 04 December 2022

Article published online:
05 January 2023

© 2023. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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