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CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2023; 17(01): 127-135
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1745774
Original Article

Characterization, Physical Properties, and Biocompatibility of Novel Tricalcium Silicate–Chitosan Endodontic Sealer

Ike D. Maharti
1   Doctoral Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
,
Endang Suprastiwi
2   Department of Conservative Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
,
Harry Agusnar
3   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
,
Nendar Herdianto
4   Research Center for Advanced Materials (PRMM-BRIN), Banten, Indonesia
,
Anggraini Margono
2   Department of Conservative Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
› Author Affiliations Funding This work was supported by PUTI (International Indexed Publication) Grant from Universitas Indonesia with contract number (BA-087/UN2.RST/PPM.00.03.01/2021).
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Abstract

Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics, physical properties, and biocompatibility of the novel tricalcium silicate–chitosan (TCS-C) sealer with AH Plus and Sure-Seal Root.

Materials and Methods The TCS-C powder was prepared by mixing tricalcium silicate with 2% water-soluble chitosan at a 5:1 ratio, followed by sufficient addition of 10 g/mL ratio of double-distilled water to form a homogeneous cement. Material characterizations (the Fourier Transform InfraRed [FTIR] and X-ray diffraction [XRD]), physical property investigations (flow and film thickness), and cytotoxicity tests in 3T3 mouse embryo fibroblast cell (MTT assay method) were performed on sealers, and the results were compared with those of the commercial products.

Statistical Analysis Statistical analysis was performed on flow and film thickness. The normality of the data was tested using the Shapiro–Wilk test. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The level of significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results The TCS-C showed a mean flow of 31.98 ± 0.68 mm, compared with Sure Seal Root at 26.38 ± 0.69 mm and AH Plus at 26.50 ± 0.12 mm. The TCS-C showed a mean film thickness of 60 ± 10.0 mm compared with Sure-Seal Root at 50 ± 10.0 mm and AH Plus at 40 ± 15.8 mm. The TCS-C exhibited low to no cytotoxicity in fibroblast cell at all concentrations and exposure times.

Conclusion Adding water-soluble chitosan may improve the physical and biologic properties of tricalcium silicate cement. The novel TCS-C sealer did not fully meet the physical properties of an endodontic sealer, but it was not cytotoxic to fibroblast cells.

Keywords

biocompatibility - chitosan - cytotoxicity - physicochemical - root canal sealer - tricalcium silicate

Data Availability

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author on request.


Supplementary Material



Publication History

Article published online:
05 September 2022

© 2022. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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