Investigating the Relationship between Childbirth Type and Breastfeeding Pattern Based on the LATCH Scoring System in Breastfeeding Mothers

 

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Abstract

Objective The role of breast milk in the physical and mental health of infants and in the prevention of infant death is widely known. The benefits of breastfeeding for mothers and infants have been proven, but several factors can affect breastfeeding. Childbirth is one of the most influential factors. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the type of delivery (natural childbirth and cesarean section) on breastfeeding based on the latch, audible swallowing, type of nipple, comfort, hold (LATCH) scoring system.

Methods The present cross-sectional observational study was performed using the census method among women who referred to Afzalipour Hospital for delivery in May 2020; the breastfeeding pattern was completed by observation and the in-case information, by LATCH checklist. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, United States) software, version 19.0, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the Chi-squared statistical test.

Results Out of a total of 254 deliveries (127 natural childbirths and 127 cesarean deliveries), there was no statistically significant difference between the 2 study groups in terms of age, maternal employment status, and infant weight, but there was a statistically significant relationship between the type of delivery, the maternal level of schooling, and the appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration (Apgar) score in the first minute. The mean score of breastfeeding patterns among the natural childbirth group (9.33) was higher than that of the cesarean section group (7.21).

Conclusion The type of delivery affects the mother's performance during breastfeeding, and mothers submitted to cesarean sections need more support and help in breastfeeding.

Resumo

Objetivo É sabido o papel do leite materno na saúde física e mental dos bebês e na prevenção da mortalidade infantil. Os benefícios da amamentação para mães e bebês foram comprovados, mas vários fatores podem afetar a amamentação. O parto é um dos fatores mais influentes. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar o efeito do tipo de parto (parto Natural e cesariana) na amamentação com base no sistema de pontuação agarramento, deglutição audível, tipo de mamilo, conforto, segurar (latch, audible swallowing, type of nipple, comfort, hold, LATCH, em inglês).

Métodos Este estudo transversal e observacional foi realizado pelo método do censo entre mulheres que buscaram atendimento no Hospital Afzalipour para parto em maio de 2020; o padrão de amamentação foi completado por observação e in-case, pela lista de verificação do LATCH. Os dados foram analisados usando o programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS for Windows, IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, Estados Unidos), versão 19.0, análise de variância (analysis of variance, ANOVA, em inglês) e o teste estatístico do qui-quadrado.

Resultados De um total de 254 partos (127 parto naturais e 127 cesarianas), não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os dois grupos de estudo em termos de idade, situação laboral materna e peso do bebê, mas houve uma relação estatisticamente significativa entre os tipo de parto, a escolaridade materna e o índice de aparência, frequência cardíaca, irritabilidade reflexa, tônus muscular, e respiração appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration, (Apgar), no primeiro minuto. A pontuação média do padrão de amamentação no grupo do parto natural (9,33) foi maior do que a do grupo da cesariana (7,21).

Conclusão O tipo de parto afeta desempenho da mãe durante a amamentação, e as mães submetidas a cesariana necessitam de mais apoio e ajuda na amamentação.

Author Contributions

Tayebeh Mokhtari Sorkhani: investigation, writing of the original draft, formal analysis, and visualization. Elahe Namazian: formal analysis. Samaneh komsari: methodology, project administration, review and editing of the text. Shima Arab: verification of resources. All of the authors have approved the final version of the manuscript for submission.

Publication History

Received: 13 November 2020

Accepted: 05 August 2021

Article published online:
16 November 2021

© 2021. Federação Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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