Wheezing beim Säugling und Kleinkind

 

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Zusammenfassung

Wheezing beim Säugling und Kleinkind ist ein ausgesprochen häufiges Phänomen. Eine Differenzierung von verschiedenen Phänotypen ist möglich und klinisch relevant, da sich sowohl Outcome als auch die Therapie unterscheiden. Bei der Mehrzahl der Kinder mit Wheezing verschwinden die Symptome bis zum 6. Lebensjahr. Erste Manifestationen eines Asthma bronchiale treten im selben Alter auf und führen bereits früh zu Lungenfunktionseinschränkungen. Eine Unterscheidung von einfachem Wheezing und Asthma ist daher von großer Bedeutung. In diesem Artikel werden unterschiedliche Charakteristika, Risikofaktoren für Asthma und einfache klinische Prädiktionsindizes dargestellt.

Summary

Wheezing in infants and toddlers is a very common phenomenon. Determination of the phenotype is possible and of clinical relevance due to the different outcome and management. In the majority of children the symptoms cease until the age of 6. First manifestations of persistent asthma occur in the same age associated with poor lung function. A distinction between common wheezing and asthma is therefore important. This article describes different characteristics, risk factors for asthma and simple clinical predictive indices.

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