Pediatric Sellar: Suprasellar Tumors

 

 Buy Article Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Tumors of the sellar region are not infrequent in pediatric population and differ notably from the adult sellar tumors. Craniopharyngiomas represent almost half of sellar region tumors in children, followed by hypothalamic-chiasmatic gliomas, hypothalamic hamartomas, and germinomas. Other tumors or tumoral lesions are more infrequent. This article provides an overview of the imaging characteristics of pediatric sellar/suprasellar tumors on conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging that can orient the diagnosis or limit the differential diagnostic range. Furthermore, the physiologic characteristics assessed by advanced MR imaging techniques are also described in detail, providing a better preoperative characterization of pediatric sellar/suprasellar pathology.

• References

• 1 Bourekas EC, Miller JW, Christoforidis GA. Masses of the sellar and juxtasellar region. In: Drevelegas A, ed. Imaging of Brain Tumors with Histological Correlations. Spinger; 2002: 227-252
  CrossrefGoogle Scholar
• 2 Plaza MJ, Borja MJ, Altman N, Saigal G. Conventional and advanced MRI features of pediatric intracranial tumors: posterior fossa and suprasellar tumors. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2013; 200 (5) 1115-1124
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 3 Johnsen DE, Woodruff WW, Allen IS, Cera PJ, Funkhouser GR, Coleman LL. MR imaging of the sellar and juxtasellar regions. Radiographics 1991; 11 (5) 727-758
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 4 Saleem SN, Said AHM, Lee DH. Lesions of the hypothalamus: MR imaging diagnostic features. Radiographics 2007; 27 (4) 1087-1108
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 5 Mohammad FF, Hasan DI, Ammar MG. MR Spectroscopy and diffusion MR imaging in characterization of common sellar and supra-sellar neoplastic lesions. The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine 2014; 45: 859-867
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 6 Caldarelli M, Massimi L, Tamburrini G, Cappa M, Di Rocco C. Long-term results of the surgical treatment of craniopharyngioma: the experience at the Policlinico Gemelli, Catholic University, Rome. Childs Nerv Syst 2005; 21 (8–9) 747-757
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 7 Karavitaki N, Brufani C, Warner JT , et al. Craniopharyngiomas in children and adults: systematic analysis of 121 cases with long-term follow-up. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2005; 62 (4) 397-409
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 8 Mottolese C, Szathmari A, Berlier P, Hermier M. Craniopharyngiomas: our experience in Lyon. Childs Nerv Syst 2005; 21 (8–9) 790-798
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 9 Shields R, Mangla R, Almast J, Meyers S. Magnetic resonance imaging of sellar and juxtasellar abnormalities in the paediatric population: an imaging review. Insights Imaging 2015; 6 (2) 241-260
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 10 Pathak SS. MRI imaging of sellar and suprasellar pathologies–a pictorial assay. Poster presented at: Annual Meeting of the European Congress of Radiology; March 4–8, 2015; Vienna, Austria. Poster C-0333
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 11 Vinhais S, Nunes S, Salgado D , et al. Optic gliomas in children – A review on MR imaging findings. Poster presented at: Annual Meeting of the European Congress of Radiology; March 4–8, 2015; Vienna, Austria. Poster C-1676
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 12 Cattin F. Chiasmatic and hypothalamic gliomas. In: Bonneville JF, Bonneville F, Cattin F, Nagi S, eds. MRI of the Pituitary Gland. Springer; 2016: 211-216
  CrossrefGoogle Scholar
• 13 Avery RA, Fisher MJ, Liu GT. Optic pathway gliomas. J Neuroophthalmol 2011; 31 (3) 269-278
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 14 Fouladi M, Wallace D, Langston JW , et al. Survival and functional outcome of children with hypothalamic/chiasmatic tumors. Cancer 2003; 97 (4) 1084-1092
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 15 Chong AL, Pole JD, Scheinemann K , et al. Optic pathway gliomas in adolescence—time to challenge treatment choices?. Neuro-oncol 2013; 15 (3) 391-400
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 16 Douglas-Akinwande AC, Ying J, Momin Z , et al. Diffusion-Weighted Imaging characteristics of primary central nervous system germinomas with histopathologic correlation. Acad Radiol 2009; 16 (11) 1356-1365
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 17 Kawabata Y, Takahashi JA, Arakawa Y, Shirahata M, Hashimoto N. Long term outcomes in patients with intracranial germinomas: a single institution experience of irradiation with or without chemotherapy. J Neurooncol 2008; 88 (2) 161-167
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 18 Maity A, Shu HK, Janss A , et al. Craniospinal radiation in the treatment of biopsy-proven intracranial germinomas: twenty-five years' experience in a single center. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004; 58 (4) 1165-1170
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 19 Kanamori M, Kumabe T, Saito R , et al. Optimal treatment strategy for intracranial germ cell tumors: a single institution analysis. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2009; 4 (6) 506-514
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 20 Freeman JL, Coleman LT, Wellard RM , et al. MR imaging and spectroscopic study of epileptogenic hypothalamic hamartomas: analysis of 72 cases. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2004; 25 (3) 450-462
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 21 Amstutz DR, Coons SW, Kerrigan JF, Rekate HL, Heiserman JE. Hypothalamic hamartomas: Correlation of MR imaging and spectroscopic findings with tumor glial content. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2006; 27 (4) 794-798
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 22 Guaraldi F, Storr HL, Ghizzoni L, Ghigo E, Savage MO. Paediatric pituitary adenomas: a decade of change. Horm Res Paediatr 2014; 81 (3) 145-155
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 23 Mindermann T, Wilson CB. Pediatric pituitary adenomas. Neurosurgery 1995; 36 (2) 259-268
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 24 Webb C, Prayson RA. Pediatric pituitary adenomas. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2008; 132 (1) 77-80
  PubMedGoogle Scholar