Pflanzliche Ernährung und ausreichende Proteinzufuhr für ein gesundes Altern

 

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Zusammenfassung

Da die zunehmend ungesunde Ernährungs- und Lebensweise westlicher Industrienationen zur steigenden Prävalenz ernährungsbedingter, chronischer Erkrankungen beitragen, rückt eine pflanzenbasierte Ernährung (PBE) immer mehr in den Fokus der Forschung. Insgesamt ist eine PBE mit vorteilhaften Effekten auf die kardiovaskuläre und metabole Gesundheit assoziiert. Dies wird auf die höhere Nährstoffdichte und reduzierte Proteinzufuhr zurückgeführt, die sich auch günstig auf das Mortalitätsrisiko auszuwirken scheint. Unklar ist allerdings, wie günstig sich eine PBE im höheren Lebensalter auswirkt, da longitudinale Daten speziell für die ältere Generation fehlen. Außerdem besteht im Alter (> 65 Jahre) ein Proteinmehrbedarf, sodass aufgrund der geringeren Proteindichte und Proteinqualität einer PBE Bedenken bez. einer adäquaten Proteinversorgung bestehen. Sehr restriktive Ernährungsweisen werden aufgrund des zu erwartenden Protein- und Nährstoffmangels insbesondere im höheren Lebensalter nicht empfohlen.

Abstract

Since the unhealthy, western lifestyle and diet contribute to the increasing prevalence of nutrition-related, chronic diseases in industrialized countries, plant-based diets (PBD) are becoming the focus of research interests. Overall, PBDs are associated with beneficial effects on cardiovascular and metabolic health. This is attributed to the higher nutrient density and reduced protein intake, which also appears to have a beneficial effect on mortality risk. However, it is unclear if PBDs are also beneficial for older adults, since there is a lack of longitudinal data specifically in higher age. In addition, since older adults (> 65 years) need even more protein, there are concerns about an adequate protein intake due to the lower protein density and protein quality of PBDs. Therefore, very restrictive diets are not recommended due to the expected lack of protein and nutrients, particularly in higher age.

Publication History

Article published online:
29 March 2023

© 2023. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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