Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/a-0918-3772
Hämodynamische Definition der pulmonalen Hypertonie: Kommentar zu der vorgeschlagenen Änderung durch das 6th World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension
Hemodynamic Definition of Pulmonary Hypertension: Commentary on the Proposed Change by the 6th World Symposium on Pulmonary HypertensionPublication History
Publication Date:
05 July 2019 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Die Ende 2015 veröffentlichten ESC/ERS-Leitlinien und andere internationale Empfehlungen definierten die pulmonale Hypertonie (PH) bisher durch einen invasiv gemessenen mittleren pulmonal arteriellen Druck (mPAP) ≥ 25 mmHg in Ruhe. Auf dem 6th World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension in Nizza wurde eine Modifikation dieser hämodynamischen Definition im Sinne einer Senkung des Schwellenwertes auf > 20 mmHg vorgeschlagen. Für die präkapilläre PH wird zusätzlich ein pulmonaler Gefäßwiderstand (PVR) ≥ 3 Wood-Einheiten (WE) gefordert. Diese Änderung muss im Hinblick auf die zugrunde liegende Rationale und mögliche Konsequenzen kritisch hinterfragt werden; es bedarf daher einer eingehenden Erläuterung. Insbesondere muss klargestellt werden, dass diese Änderung aktuell keinen Einfluss auf die evidenzbasierte und zulassungskonforme Verschreibung von Medikamenten zur gezielten Therapie der pulmonal arteriellen Hypertonie (PAH) hat.
Abstract
The ESC/ERS guidelines (published at the end of 2015) and other international recommendations defined pulmonary hypertension (PH) by an invasively measured mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) ≥ 25 mmHg at rest. At the 6th World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension in Nice a modification of this hemodynamic definition in the sense of lowering the threshold to > 20 mmHg was proposed. A pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) ≥ 3 Wood units (WU) is additionally required for the diagnosis of pre-capillary PH. This modification must be critically reviewed with regard to the underlying rationale and possible consequences. Therefore, a detailed explanation is required. In particular, it must be made clear that this change currently has no influence on the evidence-based and approval-compliant prescription of drugs for the targeted therapy of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).
Die Autoren sind Mitglieder der Arbeitsgruppe 25 „Pulmonale Hypertonie“ der (§) Deutschen Gesellschaft für Kardiologie, Herz- und Kreislaufforschung (DGK), der Sektion „Kardiorespiratorische Interaktion“ der (‡) Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pneumologie (DGP) oder der (#) Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Kardiologie (DGPK) und fungieren als Leiter der Task Forces der „Kölner Konsensus Konferenz pulmonale Hypertonie“;
-
Literatur
- 1 Hoeper MM, Humbert M, Souza R. et al. A global view of pulmonary hypertension. Lancet Respir Med 2016; 4: 306-322
- 2 Rosenkranz S, Gibbs JSR, Wachter R. et al. Left ventricular heart failure and pulmonary hypertension. Eur Heart J 2016; 37: 942-954
- 3 Assad TR, Maron BA, Robbins IM. et al. Prognostic effect and longitudinal hemodynamic assessment of borderline pulmonary hypertension. JAMA Cardiol 2017; 2: 1361-1368
- 4 Maron BA, Hess E, Maddox TM. et al. Association of borderline pulmonary hypertension with mortality and hospitalization in a large patient cohort: Insights from the Veterans Affairs clinical assessment, reporting, and tracking program. Circulation 2016; 133: 1240-1248
- 5 Galiè N, Humbert M, Vachiery JL. et al. 2015 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension: The Joint Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS). Endorsed by: Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC), International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT). Eur Heart J 2016; 37: 67-119
- 6 Hoeper MM, Bogaard HJ, Condliffe R. et al. Definitions and diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013; 62: D42-D50
- 7 Mc Laughlin VV, Archer SL, Badesch DB. et al. ACCF/AHA 2009 expert consensus document on pulmonary hypertension a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Expert Consensus Documents and the American Heart Association developed in collaboration with the American College of Chest Physicians; American Thoracic Society, Inc.; and the Pulmonary Hypertension Association. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009; 53: 1573-1619
- 8 Galiè N, McLaughlin VV, Rubin LJ. et al. An overview of the 6th World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension. Eur Respir J 2019; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02148-2018.
- 9 Simmoneau G, Montani D, Celermayer DS. et al. Haemodynamic definitions and updated clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension. Eur Respir J 2019; 53 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01913-2018.
- 10 Hatano S, Strasser T. Primary Pulmonary Hypertension. Report on a WHO Meeting. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1975
- 11 World Health Organization. Chronic cor pulmonale. Report of an expert committee. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser; 1961 213. 35
- 12 Barst RJ, McGoon M, Torbicki A. et al. Diagnosis and differential assessment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 43: 40S-47S
- 13 Badesch DB, Champion HC, Sanchez MAG. et al. Diagnosis and assessment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009; 54: S55-S66
- 14 Kovacs G, Berghold A, Scheidl S. et al. Pulmonary arterial pressure during rest and exercise in healthy subjects: a systematic review. Eur Respir J 2009; 34: 888-894
- 15 Douschan P, Kovacs G, Avian A. et al. Mild elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure as a predictor of mortality. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2018; 197: 509-516
- 16 Kolte D, Lakshmanan S, Jankowich MD. et al. Mild pulmonary hypertension is associated with increased mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7: e009729
- 17 Bishop JM, Cross KW. Physiological variables and mortality in patients with various categories of chronic respiratory disease. Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir 1984; 20: 495-500
- 18 Weitzenblum E, Hirth C, Ducolone A. et al. Prognostic value of pulmonary artery pressure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax 1981; 36: 752-758
- 19 Hamada K, Nagai S, Tanaka S. et al. Significance of pulmonary arterial pressure and diffusion capacity of the lung as prognosticator in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Chest 2007; 131: 650-656
- 20 Valerio CJ, Schreiber BE, Handler CE. et al. Borderline mean pulmonary artery pressure in patients with systemic sclerosis: transpulmonary gradient predicts risk of developing pulmonary hypertension. Arthritis Rheum 2013; 65: 1074-1084
- 21 Coghlan JG, Wolf M, Distler O. et al. Incidence of pulmonary hypertension and determining factors in patients with systemic sclerosis. Eur Respir J 2018; 51: 1701197
- 22 Hoffmann-Vold AM, Fretheim H, Midtvedt Q. et al. Frequencies of borderline pulmonary hypertension before and after the DETECT algorithm: results from a prospective systemic sclerosis cohort. Rheumatology 2018; 57: 480-487
- 23 Galiè N, Channick R, Frantz RP. et al. Risk stratification and medical therapy of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Eur Respir J 2019; 53 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01889-2018.
- 24 Kovacs G, Maier R, Aberer E. et al. Pulmonary arterial hypertension therapy may be safe and effective in patients with systemic sclerosis and borderline pulmonary artery pressure. Arthritis Rheum 2012; 64: 1257-1262
- 25 Kim NH, Delcroix M, Jais X. et al. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Eur Respir J 2019; 53 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01915-2018.
- 26 Wilkens H, Konstantinides S, Lang I. et al. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH): Updated recommendations from the Cologne Consensus Conference 2018. Int J Cardiol 2018; 272S: 69-78
- 27 Wiedenroth CB, Olsson KM, Guth S. et al. Balloon pulmonary angioplasty for inoperable patients with chronic thromboembolic disease. Pulm Circ 2018 8. 2045893217753122
- 28 Taboada D, Pepke-Zaba J, Jenkins DP. et al. Outcome of pulmonary endarterectomy in symptomatic chronic thromboembolic disease. Eur Respir J 2014; 44: 1635-1645
- 29 Guth S, Wiedenroth CB, Rieth A. et al. Exercise right heart catheterization before and after pulmonary endarterectomy in patients with chronic thromboembolic disease. Eur Respir J 2018; 52: pii:1800458
- 30 Vachiéry JL, Tedford RJ, Rosenkranz S. et al. Pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease. Eur Respir J 2019; 53 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01897-2018.
- 31 Rosenkranz S, Lang IM, Blind R. et al. Pulmonary hypertension associated with left heart disease: Updated recommendations of the Cologne Consensus Conference 2018. Int J Cardiol 2018; 272S: 53-62
- 32 Palazzini M, Dardi F, Manes A. et al. Pulmonary hypertension due to left-heart disease: analysis of survival according to the haemodynamic classification of the 2015 ESC/ERS guidelines and new insights for future changes. Eur J Heart Fail 2018; 20: 248-255
- 33 Vanderpool RR, Saul M, Nouraie M. et al. Association between hemodynamic markers of pulmonary hypertension and outcomes in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction. JAMA Cardiol 2018; 3: 298-306
- 34 Nathan SD, Barbera JA, Gaine SP. et al. Pulmonary hypertension in chronic lung disease and hypoxia. Eur Respir J 2019; 53 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01914-2018.
- 35 Olschewski H, Behr J, Bremer H. et al. Pulmonary hypertension due to lung diseases: Updated recommendations from the Cologne Consensus Conference 2018. Int J Cardiol 2018; 272S: 63-68