Download PDF
Planta Med 2007; 73(5): 468-477
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-967175
Original Paper
Pharmacology
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Variations in Free Radical Scavenging Capacity and Antiproliferative Activity Among Different Genotypes of Autumn Olive (Elaeagnus umbellata)

Shiow Y. Wang1 , Linda Bowman2 , Min Ding2
  • 1Fruit Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
  • 2Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
Further Information

Publication History

Received: December 12, 2006 Revised: March 9, 2007

Accepted: March 13, 2007

Publication Date:
16 April 2007 (online)

    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Fruit from six genotypes of autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb.) (‘Brilliant Rose’, ‘Delightful’, ‘Jewel’, Natural 1, Natural 2, and ‘Sweet Tart’) were evaluated for antioxidant capacity and anti-cancer properties. Based on data from electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements, autumn olive contained potent free radical scavenging activities for hydroxyl (·OH) and superoxide (O2·-) radicals. Among the six genotypes, ‘Brilliant Rose’ and ‘Jewel’ had the highest levels of antioxidant activity. Pretreatment of JG6 P+ mouse epidermal cells with autumn olive extracts inhibited the activation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) induced by either 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) or ultraviolet-B (UVB). Extracts of all autumn olive genotypes inhibited proliferation of human leukemia HL-60 cancer cells and human lung epithelial cancer A549 cells and induced apoptosis of HL-60 cells. In particular, ‘Brilliant Rose’ and ‘Jewel’ had relatively potent activities compared to other genotypes. These results indicate that consuming autumn olive fruit may be beneficial to human health, although further studies are needed for confirmation.

Key words

Autumn olive - antioxidant capacity - antiproliferation - apoptotic cancer cells - Oleaster (Elaeagnaceae) - Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb.

References

  • 1 Velioglu Y S, Mazza G, Gao L, Oomah B D. Antioxidant activity and total phenolics in selected fruits, vegetables, and grain products.  J Agric Food Chem. 1998;  46 4113-7.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 World Cancer Research Fund, American Institute for Cancer Research . Food, nutrition and the prevention of cancer: a global perspective. Washington; American Institute for Cancer Research 1997.
    Google Scholar
  • 3 Ness A R, Powles J W. Fruit and vegetables, and cardiovascular disease: A review.  Int J Epidemiol. 1977;  26 1-13.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Dirr M A. Manual of woody landscape plants. Champaign; Stipes Publ. Co 1983.
    Google Scholar
  • 5 Fordham I M, Clevidence BA,Wiley ER,Zimmerman R H. Fruit of autumn olive: A rich source of lycopene.  HortScience. 2001;  36 1136-7.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Foote C S, Denny R W. Chemistry of singlet oxygen. VII. Quenching by β-carotene.  J Am Chem Soc. 1968;  90 6233-5.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Burton G W, Ingold K U. β-Carotene: an unusual type of lipid antioxidant.  Science. 1984;  224 569-73.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Larson R A. The antioxidants of higher plants.  Phytochemistry. 1988;  27 969-78.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Pallett K E, Young A J. Carotenoids. In: Alscher RG, Hess JL, editors Antioxidants in higher plants. Boca Raton; CRC 1993: 71-4.
    Google Scholar
  • 10 Krinsky N I. Actions of carotenoids in biological systems.  Annu Rev Nutr. 1993;  13 561-73.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Palozza P, Krinsky N I. Antioxidant effects of carotenoids in vitro and vivo: An overview.  Methods Enzymol. 1992;  213 403-20.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Le Marchand L, Murphy S P, Hankin J H, Wilkens L R, Kolonel L N. Flavonoid intake and lung cancer risk.  J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000;  92 154-60.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Nishino H. Cancer prevention by natural carotenoids. In: Packer L, Hiramatsu M, Yoshikawa T, editors Antioxidants food supplements in human health. New York; Academic Press 1999.
    Google Scholar
  • 14 Mathews-Roth M M. Antitumor activity of beta-carotene, canthaxanthin and phytoene.  Oncology. 1982;  39 33-7.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Ukai N, Lu Y, Etoh H, Yagi A, Ina K, Oshima S. et al . Photosensitized oxygenation of lycopene.  Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1994;  58 1718-9.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Giovannucci E. Tomatoes, tomato-based products, lycopene and cancer: review of the epidemiological literature.  J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999;  91 317-31.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Olson J A. Carotenoids. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shik M, Ross AC, editors. Modern nutrition in health and disease. 9th edition.  Baltimore: Williams &. Wilkins;  1999 525-41.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Weisburger J H. Nutritional approach to cancer prevention with emphasis on vitamins, antioxidants and carotenoids.  Am J Clin Nutr. 1991;  53 226S-37S.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Bode A M, Dong Z. Signal transduction pathways: targets for chemoprevention of skin cancer.  Lancet Oncol. 2000;  1 181-8.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Baldwin AS J r. The NF-kappa B and I kappa B proteins: new discoveries and insights.  Annu Rev Immunol. 1996;  14 649-83.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Dong Z, Ma W, Huang C,Yang C S. Inhibition of tumor promoter-induced activator protein 1 activation and cell transformation by tea polyphenols, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, and theaflavins.  Cancer Res. 1997;  57 414-9.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Hou D X, Kai K, Li J J, Lin S, Terahara N, Wakamatsu M. et al . Anthocyanidins inhibit activator protein 1 activity and cell transforation: structure-activity relationship and molecular mechanisms.  Carcinogenesis. 2004;  25 29-36.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Schulze-Osthoff K, Ferrari D, Riehemann K, Wesselborg S. Regulation of NF-kappa B activation by MAP kinase cascades.  Immunobiology. 1997;  198 35-49.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Li J J, Westergaard C, Ghosh P, Colburn N H. Inhibitors of both nuclear factor-kappaB and activator protein-1 activation block the neoplastic transformation response.  Cancer Res. 1997;  57 3569-6.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Leonard S S, Xia C, Jiang B H, Stinefelt B, Klandorf H, Harris G K. et al . Resveratrol scavenges reactive oxygen species and effects radical-induced cellular responses.  Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003;  309 1017-26.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Mosmann T. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival-application to proliferation and cyto-toxicity assays. J.  Immunol Methods. 1983;  65 55-63.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 NCS S. Statistical analysis and graphics. Statistical software. Kaysville, Utah; 2007.
    Google Scholar
  • 28 Muller J M, Rupec R A, Baeuerle P A. Study of gene regulation by NF-κB and AP-1 in response to reactive oxygen intermediates.  Methods. 1997;  11 301-13.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Huang C S, Ma W Y, Dawson M I, Rincon M, Flavell R A, Dong Z G. Blocking activator protein-1 activity, but not activating retinoic acid response element, is required for the antitumor promotion effect of retinoic acid.  Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1997;  94 5826-30.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Risse-Hackl G, Adamkiewicz J, Wimmel A, Schuermann M. Transition from SCLC to NSCLC phenotype is accompanied by an increased TRE-binding activity and recruitment of specific AP-1 proteins.  Oncogene. 1998;  16 3057-68.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Dumont J A, Bitonti A J, Wallace CD,Baumann R J, Cashman E A, Cross-Doersen D E. Progression of MCF-7 breast cancer cells to antiestrogen-resistant phenotype is accompanied by elevated levels of AP-1 DNA-binding activity.  Cell Growth Differ. 1996;  7 351-9.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Saez E, Rutberg S E, Mueller E, Oppenheim H, Smoluk J,Yuspa S H. et al . c-Fos is required for malignant progression of skin tumors.  Cell. 1995;  82 721-32.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Dong Z, Huang C, Brown R E, Ma W -Y. Inhibition of activator protein 1 activity and neoplastic transformation by aspirin.  J Biol Chem. 1997;  272 9962-70.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Hsu T, Young M R, Cmarik J, Colburn N H. Activator protein 1 (AP-1)- and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-dependent transcriptional events in carcinogenesis.  Free Radic Biol Med. 2000;  28 1338-48.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Evan G I, Vousden K H. Proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis in cancer.  Nature. 2001;  411 342-8.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Kuntz S, Wenzel U, Daniel H. Comparative analysis of the effects of flavonoids on proliferation, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis in human colon cancer cell lines.  Eur J Nutr. 1999;  38 133-42.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Olsson M E, Gustavsson K, Andersson S, Nilsson Å, Duan R. Inhibition of cancer cell proliferation in vitro by fruit and berry extracts and correlations with antioxidant levels.  J Agric Food Chem. 2004;  52 7264-71.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Prakash P, Russel R M, Krinsky N I. In vitro inhibition of estrogen-dependent and estrogen-independent human breast cancer cells treated with carotenoids or retinoids.  J Nutr. 2001;  131 1574-80.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Wang S Y, Feng R, Bowman L, Penhallegon R, Ding M, Lu Y. Antioxidant activity in lingonberries (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L) and its inhibory effect on activator protein 1, nuclear factor-κB, and MAPK-activated protein kinases activation.  J Agric Food Chem. 2005;  53 3156-66.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 40 Xue H, Aziz R M, Sun N, Cassady J M, Kamendulis L M, Xu Y. et al . Inhibition of cellular transformation by berry extracts.  Carcinogenesis (Lond.). 2001;  22 351-6.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar

Dr. Shiow Y. Wang

Fruit Laboratory

Beltsville Agricultural Research Center

Agricultural Research Service

U. S. Department of Agriculture

Beltsville

Maryland 20705-2350

USA

Email: wangs@ba.ars.usda.gov

      >