Metallic salt-catalyzed direct indium insertion into alkyl iodides and their applications in cross-coupling reactions†
Teck-Peng
Loh 
*ab
and
Zhi-Liang
Shen
*a
*ab
and
Zhi-Liang
Shen
*a
Abstract
An efficient method for the synthesis of alkyl indium reagents by means of an indium(III) or lead(II) halide-catalyzed direct insertion of indium into alkyl iodides and their applications in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with aryl halides is developed. NMR and ESI-MS analyses indicated that rather than the formation of the commonly recognized alkyl indium sesquihalide with the formulation of R3In2X3, the formed alkyl indium reagent in the present protocol should be a mixture of an alkyl indium dihalide (RInX2) and a dialkyl indium halide (R2InX) (both of them presumably exist as dimers).
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