Nanobead-on-string composites for tendon tissue engineering

Chiara Rinoldi; Ewa Kijeńska; Adrian Chlanda; Emilia Choinska; Nabyl Khenoussi; Ali Tamayol; Ali Khademhosseini; Wojciech Swieszkowski

doi:10.1039/C8TB00246K

Nanobead-on-string composites for tendon tissue engineering†

Chiara Rinoldi,

^a Ewa Kijeńska,^a Adrian Chlanda,^a Emilia Choinska,^a Nabyl Khenoussi,^b Ali Tamayol,

^cdef Ali Khademhosseini

^cdegh and Wojciech Swieszkowski*^a

Author affiliations

* Corresponding authors

^a Materials Design Division, Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
E-mail: wswieszk@inmat.pw.edu.pl

^b Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique Textiles (EA 4365), Université de Haute Alsace, Mulhouse Cedex 68093, France

^c Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139, USA

^d Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

^e Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA

^f Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA

^g Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21569, Saudi Arabia

^h Department of Bioengineering, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Radiology, California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA

Abstract

Tissue engineering holds great potential in the production of functional substitutes to restore, maintain or improve the functionality in defective or lost tissues. So far, a great variety of techniques and approaches for fabrication of scaffolds have been developed and evaluated, allowing researchers to tailor precisely the morphological, chemical and mechanical features of the final constructs. Electrospinning of biocompatible and biodegradable polymers is a popular method for producing homogeneous nanofibrous structures, which might reproduce the nanosized organization of the tendons. Moreover, composite scaffolds obtained by incorporating nanoparticles within electrospun fibers have been lately explored in order to enhance the properties and the functionalities of the pristine polymeric constructs. The present study is focused on the design and fabrication of biocompatible electrospun nanocomposite fibrous scaffolds for tendon regeneration. A mixture of poly(amide 6) and poly(caprolactone) is electrospun to generate constructs with mechanical properties comparable to that of native tendons. To improve the biological activity of the constructs and modify their topography, wettability, stiffness and degradation rate, we incorporated silica particles into the electrospun substrates. The use of nanosize silica particles enables us to form bead-on-fiber topography, allowing the better exposure of ceramic particles to better profit their beneficial characteristics. In vitro biocompatibility studies using L929 fibroblasts demonstrated that the presence of 20 wt% of silica nanoparticles in the engineered scaffolds enhanced cell spreading and proliferation as well as extracellular matrix deposition. The results reveal that the electrospun nanocomposite scaffold represents an interesting candidate for tendon tissue engineering.

Journal of Materials Chemistry B

Nanobead-on-string composites for tendon tissue engineering†

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Nanobead-on-string composites for tendon tissue engineering

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