Issue 29, 2014

Quantitative studies of crystal nucleation at constant supersaturation: experimental data and models

Abstract

Crystallisation starts off with nucleation, which is rather poorly understood. However, over the last few years there have been important quantitative experiments at constant supersaturation, and the modelling of this data has also advanced. Experiments in which the supersaturation is varying, e.g., those at constant cooling rate, are important but hard to interpret. This review focuses on the state of the art in quantitative studies of nucleation at constant supersaturation. We can now test reliably for heterogeneous nucleation and somewhat less reliably for the rarer case of homogeneous nucleation. In the case of heterogeneous nucleation, we can also obtain at least some information on what is responsible for nucleation. We also now have (unfortunately currently untested) predictions for the scaling of nucleation timescales with system size. These predictions may prove important both for scaling up from small droplets to larger volumes, and for scaling down to crystallisation at the nanoscales relevant for nanotechnology applications. Finally, it is worth noting that in many experiments the dynamic range of nucleation times is too large to be measured. This is presumably due to highly variable impurities, and this problem may need to be addressed in future work.

Graphical abstract: Quantitative studies of crystal nucleation at constant supersaturation: experimental data and models

Article information

Article type
Highlight
Submitted
17 Feb 2014
Accepted
27 May 2014
First published
27 May 2014
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

CrystEngComm, 2014,16, 6506-6522

Author version available

Quantitative studies of crystal nucleation at constant supersaturation: experimental data and models

R. P. Sear, CrystEngComm, 2014, 16, 6506 DOI: 10.1039/C4CE00344F

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. You can use material from this article in other publications without requesting further permissions from the RSC, provided that the correct acknowledgement is given.

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