Issue 25, 2022

Synthesis and hydrogenation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-substituted diborenes via uncatalysed hydrogenative B–C bond cleavage

Abstract

The classical route to the PMe3-stabilised polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-substituted diborenes B2Ar2(PMe3)2 (Ar = 9-phenanthryl 7-Phen; Ar = 1-pyrenyl 7-Pyr) via the corresponding 1,2-diaryl-1,2-dimethoxydiborane(4) precursors, B2Ar2(OMe)2, is marred by the systematic decomposition of the latter to BAr(OMe)2 during reaction workup. Calculations suggest this results from the absence of a second ortho-substituent on the boron-bound aryl rings, which enables their free rotation and exposes the B–B bond to nucleophilic attack. 7-Phen and 7-Pyr are obtained by the reduction of the corresponding 1,2-diaryl-1,2-dichlorodiborane precursors, B2Ar2Cl2(PMe3)2, obtained from the SMe2 adducts, which are synthesised by direct NMe2–Cl exchange at B2Ar2(NMe2)2 with (Me2S)BCl3. The low-lying π* molecular orbitals (MOs) located on the PAH substituents of 7-Phen and 7-Pyr intercalate between the B–B-based π and π* MOs, leading to a relatively small HOMO–LUMO gap of 3.20 and 2.72 eV, respectively. Under vacuum or at high temperature 7-Phen and 7-Pyr undergo intramolecular hydroarylation of the B[double bond, length as m-dash]B bond to yield 1,2-dihydronaphtho[1,8-cd][1,2]diborole derivatives. Hydrogenation of 7-Phen, 7-Pyr and their 9-anthryl and mesityl analogues III and II, respectively, results in all cases in splitting of the B–B bond and isolation of the monoboranes (Me3P)BArH2. NMR-spectroscopic monitoring of the reactions, solid-state structures of isolated reaction intermediates and computational mechanistic analyses show that the hydrogenation of the three PAH-substituted diborenes proceeds via a different pathway to that of the dimesityldiborene. Rather than occurring exclusively at the B–B bond, hydrogenation of 7-Ar and III proceeds via a hydroarylated intermediate, which undergoes one B–B bond-centered H2 addition, followed by hydrogenation of the endocyclic B–C bond resulting from hydroarylation, making the latter effectively reversible.

Graphical abstract: Synthesis and hydrogenation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-substituted diborenes via uncatalysed hydrogenative B–C bond cleavage

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Edge Article
Submitted
05 May 2022
Accepted
03 Jun 2022
First published
14 Jun 2022
This article is Open Access

All publication charges for this article have been paid for by the Royal Society of Chemistry
Creative Commons BY license

Chem. Sci., 2022,13, 7566-7574

Synthesis and hydrogenation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-substituted diborenes via uncatalysed hydrogenative B–C bond cleavage

A. Okorn, A. Jayaraman, L. Englert, M. Arrowsmith, T. Swoboda, J. Weigelt, C. Brunecker, M. Hess, A. Lamprecht, C. Lenczyk, M. Rang and H. Braunschweig, Chem. Sci., 2022, 13, 7566 DOI: 10.1039/D2SC02515A

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