Abstract
The spin transfer torque is essential for electrical magnetization switching1,2. When a magnetic domain wall is driven by an electric current through an adiabatic spin torque, the theory predicts a threshold current even for a perfect wire without any extrinsic pinning3. The experimental confirmation of this ‘intrinsic pinning’, however, has long been missing. Here, we give evidence that this intrinsic pinning determines the threshold, and thus that the adiabatic spin torque dominates the domain wall motion in a perpendicularly magnetized Co/Ni nanowire. The intrinsic nature manifests itself both in the field-independent threshold current and in the presence of its minimum on tuning the wire width. The demonstrated domain wall motion purely due to the adiabatic spin torque will serve to achieve robust operation and low energy consumption in spintronic devices5,6,7,8.
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Acknowledgements
We thank S. Kasai and H. Kohno for useful discussions. This work was partly supported by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) Spintronics Nonvolatile Devices project and a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.
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S.F., T.S., N.O., and N.I. supplied the Co/Ni multilayer films. T.K. fabricated the device. D.C. set up measurement apparatus. T.K., D.C., K.U., K. Kondou, and H.T. collected and analysed all data. Y.N. performed the simulations. D.C., K. Kobayashi, and T.O. planned and supervised the study. T.K., D.C., K. Kobayashi, and T.O. wrote the manuscript. All authors discussed the results.
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Koyama, T., Chiba, D., Ueda, K. et al. Observation of the intrinsic pinning of a magnetic domain wall in a ferromagnetic nanowire. Nature Mater 10, 194–197 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2961
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2961
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