Abstract
Costimulation through the inducible costimulator (ICOS) and its ligand (ICOSL) is essential for T cell–dependent B cell responses, but the cellular and temporal dynamics underlying its in vivo effects are poorly defined. Here we have shown that Icosl−/− and Icos−/− mice had similar phenotypes and that ICOS-ICOSL costimulation modulated the early but not late phases of IgG1 affinity maturation. Exploiting the adoptive transfer of T or B cells from primed Icosl−/− mice, we provided genetic evidence that costimulation through ICOSL was essential for primary but not secondary helper T cell responses and for the control of both T and B cell activities, resulting in T cell–dependent IgG1 production.
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Acknowledgements
We thank T. Horan, M. Zhang, K. Gaida and D. Yanagihara for preparation of the 1B7 monoclonal antibody; G. Kelsoe, M.J. Schlomchik, K. Pfeffer, J. Dewey and A. Hebermann for help with the affinity maturation experiments; M. Bachmann for discussions; M. Saunders for scientific editing; and I. Ng for administrative assistance. This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Amgen and the Canadian Network for Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics of Cancer and Chronic Viral Diseases.
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Mak, T., Shahinian, A., Yoshinaga, S. et al. Costimulation through the inducible costimulator ligand is essential for both T helper and B cell functions in T cell–dependent B cell responses. Nat Immunol 4, 765–772 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/ni947
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ni947
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