Oxygenases have long been thought to require a cofactor for catalysis. The structure of a vancomycin biosynthetic enzyme in complex with a substrate analog, and with molecular oxygen bound in its active site, supports the idea that cofactor-independent oxygenases act by mediating direct single-electron transfer from a substrate anion to dioxygen.
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Fetzner, S. Cofactor-independent oxygenases go it alone. Nat Chem Biol 3, 374–375 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio0707-374
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio0707-374
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