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Potential antitumor therapeutic strategies of human amniotic membrane and amniotic fluid-derived stem cells

Cancer Gene Therapy volume 19, pages 517–522 (2012)Cite this article

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Abstract

As stem cells are capable of self-renewal and can generate differentiated progenies for organ development, they are considered as potential source for regenerative medicine and tissue replacement after injury or disease. Along with this capacity, stem cells have the therapeutic potential for treating human diseases including cancers. According to the origins, stem cells are broadly classified into two types: embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and adult stem cells. In terms of differentiation potential, ESCs are pluripotent and adult stem cells are multipotent. Amnion, which is a membranous sac that contains the fetus and amniotic fluid and functions in protecting the developing embryo during gestation, is another stem cell source. Amnion-derived stem cells are classified as human amniotic membrane-derived epithelial stem cells, human amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells and human amniotic fluid-derived stem cells. They are in an intermediate stage between pluripotent ESCs and lineage-restricted adult stem cells, non-tumorigenic, and contribute to low immunogenicity and anti-inflammation. Furthermore, they are easily available and do not cause any controversial issues in their recovery and applications. Not only are amnion-derived stem cells applicable in regenerative medicine, they have anticancer capacity. In non-engineered stem cells transplantation strategies, amnion-derived stem cells effectively target the tumor and suppressed the tumor growth by expressing cytotoxic cytokines. Additionally, they also have a potential as novel delivery vehicles transferring therapeutic genes to the cancer formation sites in gene-directed enzyme/prodrug combination therapy. Owing to their own advantageous properties, amnion-derived stem cells are emerging as a new candidate in anticancer therapy.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by two National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grants funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) of Korea Government (no. 2010-0003093 and 2011-0015385).

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  1. Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea

    N-H Kang, K-A Hwang, Y-B Kim, S-H Hyun, E-B Jeung & K-C Choi

  2. Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    S U Kim

  3. Medical Research Institute, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    S U Kim

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Kang, NH., Hwang, KA., Kim, S. et al. Potential antitumor therapeutic strategies of human amniotic membrane and amniotic fluid-derived stem cells. Cancer Gene Ther 19, 517–522 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/cgt.2012.30

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