Skip to main content
Log in

The Effects of Attitudinal and Demographic Factors on Intention to Buy Pirated CDs: The Case of Chinese Consumers

  • Published:
Journal of Business Ethics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study examines the impact of attitude toward piracy on intention to buy pirated CDs using Chinese samples. Attitude toward piracy is measured by a multi-item scale that has been shown to have a consistent factor structure with four distinct components, namely, social cost of piracy, anti-big business attitude, social benefit of dissemination, and ethical belief. Our findings reveal that social benefit of dissemination and anti-big business attitude have a positive relationship with intention to buy pirated CDs while social cost of piracy and ethical belief have a negative relationship. Among these components, ethical belief tends to most strongly predict intention to buy pirated CDs. Demographic variables such as gender and age also help explain the respondents' intention to buy pirated CDs. In addition, those respondents with experience of buying pirated CDs would tend to be more likely to buy pirated CDs than those without such experience. The results are discussed with a view to helping copyright businesses to effectively suppress piracy, and directions for future research are suggested.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ang, S. H., P. S. Cheng, E. A. C. Lim and S. K. Tambyah: 2001, 'Spot the Difference: Consumer Responses Towards Counterfeit', Journal of Consumer Marketing 18(3), 219-235.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bloch, P. H., R. F. Bush and L. Campbell: 1993, 'Consumer “Accomplices” in Product Counterfeiting', Journal of Consumer Marketing 10(4), 27-36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chan, A., S. Wong and P. Leung: 1998, 'Ethical Beliefs of Chinese Consumers in Hong Kong', Journal of Business Ethics 17, 1163-1170.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, E. and L. Cornwell: 1989, 'A Question of Ethics: Developing Information System Ethics', Journal of Business Ethics 8, 431-437.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cordell, V. V., N. Wongtada and R. L. Kieschnick Jr.: 1996, 'Counterfeit Purchase Intentions: Role of Lawfulness Attitudes and Product Traits as Determinants', Journal of Business Research 35(1), 41-53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Customs & Exercise Department: 2002, Annual Review 2001 (HKSAR, Hong Kong).

    Google Scholar 

  • Delener, N.: 2000, 'International Counterfeit Marketing: Success Without Risk', Review of Business 21(1/2), 16-20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deng, S., P. Townsend, M. Robert and N. Quesnel: 1996, 'A Guide to Intellectual Property Rights in Southeast Asia and China', Business Horizon 39(6), 43-51.

    Google Scholar 

  • DePaulo, P. J.: 1986, 'Ethical Perceptions of Deceptive Bargaining Tactics used by Salespersons and Customers: A Double Standard', Proceedings of the Division of Consumer Psychology (American Psychological Association, 1986 Annual Convention), pp. 101-103.

  • Dodge, H. R., E. A. Edwards and S. Fullerton: 1996, 'Consumer Transgressions in the Marketplace: Consumers' Perspectives', Psychology & Marketing 13(8), 821-835.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eining, M. M. and A. L. Christensen: 1991, 'A Psycho-Social Model of Software Piracy: The Development and Test of a Model', in R. Dejoie, G. Fowler and D. Paradice (eds.), Ethical Issues in Information Systems (Boyd & Fraser, Boston, MA), pp. 182-188.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feinberg, R. M. and D. J. Rousslang: 1990, 'The Economic Effects of Intellectual Property Right Infringements', Journal of Business 63(1), 79-90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fishbein, M. and I. Ajzen: 1975, Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research. (Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA).

    Google Scholar 

  • Frankena, W. K.: 1973, Ethics, 2nd ed. (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fullerton, S., K. B. Kerch and H. R. Dodge: 1996, 'Consumer Ethics: An Assessment of Individual Behavior in the Market Place', Journal of Business Ethics 15, 805-814.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glass, R. S. and W. A. Wood: 1996, 'Situational Determinants of Software Piracy: An Equity Theory Perspective', Journal of Business Ethics 15, 1189-1198.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harrington, S. J.: 2000, 'Software Piracy: Are Robin Hood and Responsibility Denial at Work?', in M. Khosrowpour (ed.), Challenges of Information Technology Management in the 21st Century (Idea Group Publishing, Hershey, PA), pp. 83-87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herndon, N. C.: 2001, 'Some Key Elements Important for Increasing Stakeholders' Perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility', in H. E. Spotts, H. L. Meadow and S. M. Smith (eds.), Proceedings of the Tenth Biennial World Marketing Congress (Academy of Marketing Science, Cardiff, Wales).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahneman, D., J. Knetch and R. Thaler: 1986, 'Fairness Constraints on Profit-Seeking: Entitlements in the Market', American Economic Review 76, 728-741.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kini, R. B., A. Rominger and B. S. Vijayaraman: 2000, 'An Empirical Study of Software Piracy and Moral Intensity among University Students', Journal of Computer Information Systems 62(3), 62-72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuo, F. Y. and M. H. Hsu: 2001, 'Development and Validation of Ethical Computer Self-Efficacy Measure: The Case of Softlifting', Journal of Business Ethics 32, 299-315.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lai, K. K-Y. and J. L. Zaichkowsky: 1999, 'Brand Imitation: Do the Chinese Have Different Views?', Asia Pacific Journal of Management 16(2), 179-192.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leary, A.: 2002, 'Accolades for Piracy Busters', Asian Business 38 (March), 37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Legge, J.: 1875, The Life and Works of Mencius: With Essays and Notes by James Legge (Trubner: London).

    Google Scholar 

  • Logsdon, J. M., J. K. Thompson and R. A. Reid: 1994, 'Software Piracy: Is It Related to Level of Moral Judgment?', Journal of Business Ethics 13, 849-857.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, G. and C. Roberts: 1994, 'Product Piracy: The Problem that will not Go Away', Journal of Product & Brand Management 3(4), 55-65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moores, T. and G. Dhillon: 2000, 'Software Piracy: A View from Hong Kong', Communications of the ACM 43(12), 88-93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muncy, J. A. and J. K. Eastman: 1998, 'Materialism and Consumer Ethics: An Exploratory Study', Journal of Business Ethics 17, 137-145.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nia, A. and J. L. Zaichkowsky: 2000, 'Do Counterfeits Devalue the Ownership of Luxury Brands?', Journal of Product & Brand Management 9(7), 485-497.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nill, A. and C. J. Shultz II: 1996, 'The Scourge of Global Counterfeiting', Business Horizons 39(6), 37-42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Piron, R. and L. Fernandez: 1995, 'Are Fairness Constraints on Profit-Seeking Important', Journal of Economic Psychology 16, 73-96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shultz II, C. J. and B. Saporito: 1996, 'Protecting Intellectual Property: Strategies and Recommendations to Deter Counterfeiting and Brand Piracy in Global Markets', Columbia Journal of World Business 31 (Spring), 18-28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simpson, P. M., D. Banerjee and C. L. Simpson Jr.: 1994, 'Softlifting: A Model of Motivating Factor', Journal of Business Ethics 13, 431-438.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sims, R. R., H. K. Cheng and H. Teegen: 1996, 'Toward a Profile of Student Software Piraters', Journal of Business Ethics 15, 839-849.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sykes, G. M. and D. Matza: 1957, 'Techniques of Neutralization: A Theory of Delinquency', American Sociological Review 22 (December), 664-670.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simone, J. T.: 1999, 'Countering Counterfeiters', The China Business Review ( January-February), 12-19.

  • Solomon, S. L. and J. A. O'Brien: 1991, 'The Effect of Demographic Factors on Attitudes Toward Software Piracy', in R. Dejoie, G. Fowler and D. Paradice (eds.), Ethical Issues in Information Systems (Boyd & Fraser, Boston, MA), pp. 168-181.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swinyard, W. R., R. Heikki and A. K. Kau: 1990, 'The Morality of Software Piracy: A Cross-Cultural Analysis', Journal of Business Ethics 9, 655-664.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tan, B.: 2002, 'Understanding Consumer Ethical Decision Making with respect to Purchase of Pirated Software', Journal of Consumer Marketing 19(2), 96-111.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tom, G., B. Garibaldi, Y. Zeng and J. Pilcher: 1998, 'Consumer Demand for Counterfeit Goods', Psychology & Marketing 15(5), 405-421.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vitell, S. C. and J. Muncy: 1992, 'Consumer Ethics: An Empirical Investigation of Factors Influencing Ethical Judgments of the Final Consumer', Journal of Business Ethics 11, 585-597.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wee, C. H., S. J. Tan and K. H. Cheok: 1995, 'Nonprice Determinants of Intention to Purchase Counterfeit Goods: An Exploratory Study', International Marketing Review 12(6), 19-46.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kwong, K.K., Yau, O.H.M., Lee, J.S.Y. et al. The Effects of Attitudinal and Demographic Factors on Intention to Buy Pirated CDs: The Case of Chinese Consumers. Journal of Business Ethics 47, 223–235 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026269003472

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026269003472

Navigation