Abstract
The effect of basal media (Woody Plant Medium (WPM), Quoirin and Lepoivre (QL) and Olive Medium (OM)) and of various concentrations of cytokinins (6-benzyladenine (BA), zeatin, 6-(γ,γ-dimethylallyl-amino) purine (2iP)), solely or in combinations with each other and with gibberellic acid (GA3), on in vitro shoot proliferation of the greek olive cultivar `Chondrolia Chalkidikis' was investigated. WPM proved to be the most effective one, resulting in better morphological appearance of the microshoots produced. The highest number of new microshoots/explant (1.68), with a 3.0 cm shoot height and a 4.2 proliferation rate, was obtained when this medium was supplemented with 20 μM zeatin. The number of microshoots/explant and proliferation rate increased to 1.85 and 6.8, respectively, by using the combination of 5–20 μM zeatin with 1 μM BA, but shoot height was reduced. 2iP was the least effective of the cytokinins tested. Combination of 20 μM zeatin with 10 μM GA3 affected positively shoot proliferation resulting in 1.80 microshoots/explant, 3.0 cm shoot height and 7.0 proliferation rate. However, the same concentration of GA3 in combination with 1 μM BA reduced the number of new microshoots/explant (0.48) as well as the proliferation rate (2.4), although shoot height remained nearly the same (2.7). The effect of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and putrescine on root induction was also studied. A rooting percentage of up to 70% and 2.3 roots/microshoot were achieved by the combination of 12 μM IBA + 3 μM NAA, however, abscission of shoot tips and leaves appeared. Both variables were increased, up to 93% and 4.0, respectively, by the addition of 30 μM putrescine in the medium, without any undesired side effect. After acclimatization, survival of rooted microshoots was high (90%) while that of non-rooted ones was low (30%).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bartolini G, Leva AR & Benelli A (1990) Advances on in vitro culture of the olive propagation of cv Maurino. Acta Hortic. 286: 41–44
Briccoli-Bati C, Fodale A, Mule R & Trombino T (1999) Trials to increase in vitro rooting of Olea europaea L. cuttings. Acta Hortic. 474: 91–94
Charri-Rkhis A, Triguri A & Drira N (1999) Micropropagation of Tunisian cultivars olive trees: preliminary results. Acta Hortic. 474: 79–81
De Klerk GJ, Brugee JT & Marinova S (1997) Effectiveness of indolacetic acid, indolebutiric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid during adventitious root formation in vitro in Malus ‘Jork 9'. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 49: 39–44
Del Rio C, Ralla L & Caballero JM (1991) Effects of carbohydrate content on the seasonal rooting of vegetative and reproductive cuttings of olives. J. Hortic. Sci. 66(3): 301–309
Di Pisa A, Mule R, Fodale AS & Fenech L (1996) Aspetti dell’ assimilazione dei nutrienti somministrati per via xilematica nell’ olivo. Atti II Giornate Scientifiche S.O.I. - Erice 10-14 Marzo: 75–76
Dimassi-Theriou K (1994) In vitro propagation of cv. Kalamon olives (Olea europaea sativa L.). Adv. Hortic. 8: 185–189
Dimassi K (1999) Micropropagation studies of the cv. Kalamon olives (Olea europaea L.). Acta Hortic. 474: 83–86
Dunlap JR, Kresovich S & McGee RE (1986) The effect of salt concetration on auxin stability in culture media. Plant Physiol. 81: 934–936
Jacoboni A & Standardi A (1987) Tissue culture of jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis L.). Acta Hortic. 212: 557–560
Lloyd G & McCown B (1980) Commercially feasible micropropagation of mountain laurel, Kalmia latifolia, by use of shoot-tip culture. Proc. Int. Plant Prop. Soc. 30: 421–427
Maene L & Debergh P (1985) Liquid medium additions to established tissue cultures to improve elongation and rooting in vivo. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 5: 23–33
Rama P & Pontikis A (1990) In vitro propagation of olive (Olea europaea sativa L.) ‘Kalamon'. J. Hortic. Sci. 65: 347–353
Rodriguez R, Diaz-Sala C, Cuozzo L & Ancora G (1991) Pear in vitro propagation using a double-phase culture system. HortScience 26: 62–64
Rugini E (1984) In vitro propagation of some olive (Olea europaea sativa L.) cultivars with different root-ability and medium development using analytical data from developing shoot and embryos. Sci. Hortic. 24: 123–134
Rugini E & Fontanazza G (1981) In vitro propagation of ‘Dolce Agogia’ olive. HortScience 16: 492–493
Rugini E & Wang XS (1986) Effect of polyamines, 5-azacytidine and growth regulators on rooting in vitro of fruit trees, treated and untreated with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. 6th Int. Congr. Plant Tissue Cell Cult. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (p. 374)
Rugini E, Luppino M, De Agazio M & Grego S (1992) Endogenous polyamine and root morphogenesis variations under different treatments in cuttings and in vitro explants on olive. Acta Hortic. 300: 225–232
Rugini E, Jacoboni A & Luppino M (1993) Role of basal shoot darkening and exogenous putrescine treatments on in vitro rooting and endogenous polyamine changes in difficult-to-root woody species. Sci. Hortic. 54: 63–72
Rugini E, Gutierrez-Pesce P & Sampinato PL (1999) New perspective for biotechnologies in olive breeding: morphogenesis, in vitro selection and gene transformation. Acta Hortic. 474: 107–110
Quoirin M & Lepoivre P (1977) Improved media for in vitro culture of Prunus sp. Acta Hortic. 78: 437–442
Valles M & Boxus Ph (1987) Micropropagation of several Rosa hybrida L. cultivars. Acta Hortic. 212: 611–617
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Grigoriadou, K., Vasilakakis, M. & Eleftheriou, E.P. In vitro propagation of the Greek olive cultivar `Chondrolia Chalkidikis'. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 71, 47–54 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016578614454
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016578614454