Abstract
In 1990, a long-term trial was initiated by planting young apple trees, cv. Bramley's Seedling, inoculated, at single sites in the leader shoots, with Nectria galligena. The effect of spring–summer and autumn fungicide spray programmes, applied during 1991–1993, on the development of new cankers was assessed up to May 1994. Spring–summer fungicide programmes, applied as for the control of apple scab, reduced numbers of new cankers by between 65% and 76% compared with the untreated control. Sterol demethylation inhibiting fungicides (hexaconazole, myclobutanil, penconazole) had a similar effect on canker to dithianon. Autumn application of copper oxychloride at 5% and 50% leaf-fall further reduced numbers of new cankers. The combination of a spring–summer benzimidazole (carbendazim or thiophanate-methyl) with a scab fungicide (dithianon) and autumn copper oxychloride did not improve canker control compared with applying copper oxychloride after spring–summer myclobutanil+mancozeb. The percentage of fruit which developed rots in long-term storage was decreased by spring–summer benzimidazole application, but not by other fungicide programmes even those which achieved similar levels of canker control.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bennett M (1971) Comparison of a copper and mercury spray programme against apple canker (Nectria galligena Bres). Plant Pathology 20: 99-105
Byrde RJW, Evans SG and Rennison RW (1965) The control of apple canker in two Somerset orchards by a copper-spray programme. Plant Pathology 14: 143-149
Cooke LR and McCracken AR (1988) Control of apple canker using fungicidal paints and gels. Annals of Applied Biology 113: 279-285
Cooke LR and Watters BS (1994) The effect of fungicide sprays on the incidence of apple canker (Nectria galligena) in cv. Bramley's Seedling. Brighton Crop Protection Conference — Pests and Diseases 2: 779-784
Cooke LR, Watters, BS and Brown AE (1993) The effect of fungicide sprays on the incidence of apple canker (Nectria galligena) in Bramley's Seedling. Plant Pathology 42: 432-442
Crowdy SH (1977) Translocation. In: Marsh RW (ed) Systemic Fungicides. 2nd edition. (pp 92-114) Longman, London
Gilpatrick JD (1982) Case study 2: Venturia of pome fruits and Monilinia of stone fruits. In: Dekker J, Georgopoulos SG (eds) Fungicide Resistance in Crop Protection. (pp 195-206) Pudoc, Wageningen
Lovelidge, B (1995) Solving the apple canker mystery. Grower 123: 23-25
Stringer A and Wright MA (1976) The toxicity of benomyl and some related 2-substituted benzimidazoles to the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris. Pesticide Science 7: 459-464
Swinburne TR (1971) The seasonal release of spores of Nectria galligena from apple canker in Northern Ireland. Annals of Applied Biology 69: 97-104
Swinburne TR, Cartwright J, Flack NJ and Brown AE (1975) The control of apple canker (Nectria galligena) in a young orchard with established infections. Annals of Applied Biology 81: 61-73
Xu X and Butt DJ (1996) Tests of fungicides for post-germination activity against Nectria galligena, causal agent of canker and fruit rot of apple. Crop Protection 15: 513-519
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cooke, L.R. The Influence of Fungicide Sprays on Infection Of Apple cv. Bramley's Seedling By Nectria galligena. European Journal of Plant Pathology 105, 783–790 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008778900607
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008778900607