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The Effect of Current on Skin Barrier Function In Vivo: Recovery Kinetics Post-Iontophoresis

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Abstract

Purpose. The objective of this study was to determine the extent to which current passage perturbed the skin's intrinsic permeability, and to quantify how quickly and to what extent the barrier properties recovered from the effects of iontophoresis.

Methods. Laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) and impedance spectroscopy (IS) were employed, respectively, to visualize and quantify the recovery kinetics.

Results. LSCM images were obtained following passivecalcein diffusion through pre-iontophoresed HMS skin in vivothat had been allowed to recover for progressively longer periods of time. IS was used to quantify the rate and extent of skin permeability recovery following current pretreatment. Impedance spectra were recorded 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 18 hrs after current termination.

Conclusions. Enhanced calcein permeability as assessed by confocal microscopy persisted for up to 24 hrs following current passage. Consistent with these LSCM findings, IS indicated that the time required for the impedance of hairless mouse skin to return to pre-iontophoresis levels (following 2-hr current passage at 0.5 mA/cm2) was at least 18 hrs.

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Author notes

  1. Norris G. Turner

    Present address: Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California, 94305-5332

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Biopharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California—San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143-0446

    Norris G. Turner, Yogeshvar N. Kalia & Richard H. Guy

  2. Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche et d'Enseignement, 'Pharma-peptides', Campus Universitaire, Pare d'Affaires International, F-, 74166, Archamps, France

    Yogeshvar N. Kalia & Richard H. Guy

  3. Université de Genève, Section de Pharmacie, 30 quai E. Ansermet, CH-1211, Genève 4, Switzerland

    Yogeshvar N. Kalia & Richard H. Guy

Authors
  1. Norris G. Turner
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  2. Yogeshvar N. Kalia
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  3. Richard H. Guy
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Correspondence to Richard H. Guy.

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Turner, N.G., Kalia, Y.N. & Guy, R.H. The Effect of Current on Skin Barrier Function In Vivo: Recovery Kinetics Post-Iontophoresis. Pharm Res 14, 1252–1257 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012175428181

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012175428181

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