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New cytogenetic data on Caryophyllaeus laticeps and Paracaryophyllaeus gotoi, parasites of evolutionary interest

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 May 2022

Martina Orosová Open the ORCID record for Martina Orosová [Opens in a new window] ,
Anna Marková Open the ORCID record for Anna Marková [Opens in a new window] ,
František Marec Open the ORCID record for František Marec [Opens in a new window] ,
Daniel Barčák Open the ORCID record for Daniel Barčák [Opens in a new window] ,
Timea Brázová Open the ORCID record for Timea Brázová [Opens in a new window]  and
Mikuláš Oros Open the ORCID record for Mikuláš Oros [Opens in a new window]
Martina Orosová*
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
Anna Marková
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
František Marec
Affiliation:
Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
Daniel Barčák
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
Timea Brázová
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
Mikuláš Oros*
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
*
Author for correspondence: Martina Orosová, E-mail: orosm@saske.sk
Author for correspondence: Martina Orosová, E-mail: orosm@saske.sk
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Abstract

Caryophyllideans are intestinal parasites of freshwater fishes, occupying a basal position among the ‘true’ tapeworms. We performed detailed cytogenetic analyses of the well-known caryophyllidean species Caryophyllaeus laticeps. For comparison, we also examined for the first time the chromosomes of Paracaryophyllaeus gotoi, a specific parasite of loaches in China. Both species showed a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 20, n = 10m. Chromomycin A3 (CMA3)/diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining performed for the first time in the class Cestoda revealed CMA3+/DAPI− bands in the pericentromeric regions of the short arms of chromosome pair no. 7 in the karyotype of C. laticeps. Fluorescence in situ hybridization with the 18S rDNA probe confirmed the presence of a single cluster of major rDNA near the centromere on a pair of small chromosomes in both species. These findings support the hypothesis that the ancestral state in the family Caryophyllaeidae is a single interstitial cluster of major rDNA genes and thus one nucleolar organizer region per haploid genome. Our results, which we presented together with literature data plotted on a phylogenetic tree, show stability of caryophyllidean karyotypes at the genus level, but showed differences between genera without a clear phylogenetic signal. The data allowed us to at least formulate a hypothesis about the ancestral haploid chromosome number of n = 10 for the family Caryophyllaeidae and possibly for the sister family Capingentidae. In addition, we compared two populations of C. laticeps from water bodies with different levels of polychlorinated biphenyl contamination, showing a slightly increased incidence of chromosomal abnormalities at the contaminated site.

Keywords

Chromosome aberrationenvironmental pollutionFISHkaryotypekaryotype evolutionribosomal DNA
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 149 , Issue 8 , July 2022 , pp. 1094 - 1105
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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