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No Justice, No Peace: Political Science Perspectives on the American Carceral State

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 October 2020

Allison P. Harris ,
Hannah L. Walker Open the ORCID record for Hannah L. Walker [Opens in a new window]  and
Laurel Eckhouse
Allison P. Harris
Affiliation:
Yale University
Hannah L. Walker*
Affiliation:
University of Texas at Austin
Laurel Eckhouse
Affiliation:
University of Denver
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Hannah L. Walker, University of Texas at Austin, 116 Inner Campus Drive, Austin, Texas, 78712. E-mail: hlwalker@utexas.edu
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Abstract

This essay explores four key dimensions of political science literature on the U.S. criminal legal system, by way of introducing articles in the special issue on criminal justice featured in the Journal of Racial and Ethnic Politics. We situate police as an institution of social control, rather than providing safety for people vulnerable to crime. The vast array of policy tools to surveil, track, and detain citizens, which lack commensurate restraints on their application, amount to a finely tuned carceral machine that can be deployed against groups newly identified as deviant. We therefore turn attention to this dynamic with our second theme: the criminalization of immigrants, the expansion of interior immigration enforcement, and the consequent targeting of Latinx people. We likewise discuss lessons for reform that can be drawn from research on representation and the political socialization that occurs as a consequence of involuntary contact with the system. We conclude with a brief discussion of directions for future research. The criminal legal system is a key force for persistent racial and class inequality. By turning attention to the politics of the criminal legal system, we forward a critical and understudied facet of American political life that intersects with all corners of the discipline.

Keywords

Criminal justicecriminal legal systemcarceral statepolitics of punishmentrepresentation
Type
Introduction
Information
Journal of Race, Ethnicity, and Politics , Volume 5 , Special Issue 3: Race and Criminal Justice , November 2020 , pp. 427 - 449
Copyright
Copyright © The Race, Ethnicity, and Politics Section of the American Political Science Association 2020

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