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Does Poverty Undermine Cooperation in Multiethnic Settings? Evidence from a Cooperative Investment Experiment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 July 2019

Max Schaub Open the ORCID record for Max Schaub [Opens in a new window] ,
Johanna Gereke Open the ORCID record for Johanna Gereke [Opens in a new window]  and
Delia Baldassarri Open the ORCID record for Delia Baldassarri [Opens in a new window]
Max Schaub
Affiliation:
Berlin Social Science Center (WZB), Reichpietschufer 50, 10785 Berlin, Germany, e-mail: max.schaub@wzb.eu
Johanna Gereke
Affiliation:
Mannheim Centre for European Social Research (MZES), A5,6, 68159 Mannheim, Germany, e-mail: johanna.gereke@mzes.uni-mannheim.de
Delia Baldassarri
Affiliation:
Department of Sociology, New York University, 295 Lafayette Street, 10012, New York, USA Dondena Centre for Research on Social Dynamics and Public Policies, Bocconi University, via Roentgen 1, 20136, Milan, Italy, e-mail: db1794@nyu.edu
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Abstract

What undermines cooperation in ethnically diverse communities? Scholars have focused on factors that explain the lack of inter-ethnic cooperation, such as prejudice or the difficulty to communicate and sanction across group boundaries. We direct attention to the fact that diverse communities are also often poor and ask whether poverty, rather than diversity, reduces cooperation. We developed a strategic cooperation game where we vary the income and racial identity of the interaction partner. We find that beliefs about how poor people behave have clear detrimental effects on cooperation: cooperation is lower when people are paired with low-income partners, and the effect is particularly strong when low-income people interact among themselves. We observe additional discrimination along racial lines when the interaction partner is poor. These findings imply that poverty and rising inequality may be a serious threat to social cohesion, especially under conditions of high socioeconomic segregation.

Keywords

Cooperationpovertyethnic diversitycooperative investment gamediscrimination
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Experimental Political Science , Volume 7 , Issue 1 , Spring 2020 , pp. 27 - 40
Copyright
© The Experimental Research Section of the American Political Science Association 2019 

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Footnotes

Support for this research was provided by the European Research Council (award no. 639584). The data, code, and any additional materials required to replicate all analyses in this article (Schaub, Gereke, and Baldassarri 2019) are available at the Journal of Experimental Political Science Dataverse within the Harvard Dataverse Network, at: doi:10.7910/DVN/OQTUZM. We thank Marco Casari, Diego Gambetta, Merlin Schaeffer, Maria Abascal, Nan Zhang, and Wojtek Przepiorka, the participants at research seminars at Bocconi University, New York University, WZB, and three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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