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News That Sells: Media Competition and News Content

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2007

JAMES T. HAMILTON
Affiliation:
Sanford Institute of Public Policy, Duke Universityjayth@pps.duke.edu

Abstract

This paper explores the economic factors that influence news coverage and discusses the difficulties of determining the impact of news content on political outcomes. Evidence from the United States clearly shows how supply and demand concepts can be used to predict content in newspapers, television, and the Internet. To demonstrate how the concept of market-driven news extends beyond the US, I trace out hypotheses about how media content in many countries should vary depending on three factors in news markets: the motivations of media outlet owners, the technologies of information dissemination available, and the property rights that govern how information is created and conveyed. I offer three different types of analyses – the measurement of product differentiation, information search patterns, and consumption patterns – to show how these ideas about competition influencing content could be tested across countries. The paper briefly discusses the degree to which market competition affects content in three Asian countries (China, Thailand, and Japan) and concludes with a section on the difficulties of designing policies to improve the operation of media markets.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© 2007 Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

This paper was prepared for the IPSA 2006 panel ‘Changing Media, Changing Politics’. I have benefited greatly from discussions with Matthew Baum, Ikuo Kabashima, Kim Krzywy, Sam Popkin, Susan Shirk, Gill Steel, Masaki Taniguchi, and from support from the Twenty-First Century COE program, Graduate School of Law and Politics, University of Tokyo.