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Direct and indirect contributions of molecular genetics to farm animal welfare: a review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2021

Eymen Demir Open the ORCID record for Eymen Demir [Opens in a new window] ,
Umit Bilginer ,
Murat Soner Balcioglu  and
Taki Karsli
Eymen Demir
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
Umit Bilginer
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
Murat Soner Balcioglu
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
Taki Karsli*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
*
Author for correspondence: Taki Karsli Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey. E-mail: takikarsli@akdeniz.edu.tr
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Abstract

Since domestication, farm animals have played a key role to increase the prosperity of humankind, while animal welfare (AW) is debated even today. This paper aims to comprehensively review the contributions of developing molecular genetics to farm animal welfare (FAW) and to raise awareness among both scientists and farmers about AW. Welfare is a complex trait affected by genetic structure and environmental factors. Therefore, the best welfare status can be achieved not only to enhance environmental factors such as management and feeding practices, but also the genetic structure of animals must be improved. In this regard, advances in molecular genetics have made great contributions to improve the genetic structure of farm animals, which has increased AW. Today, by sequencing and/or molecular markers, genetic diseases may be detected and eliminated in local herds. Additionally, genes related to diseases or adaptations are investigated by molecular techniques, and the frequencies of desired genotypes are increased in farm animals to keep welfare at an optimized level. Furthermore, stress on animals can be reduced with DNA extraction from stool and feather samples which reduces physical contact between animals and veterinarians. Together with molecular genetics, advances in genome editing tools and biotechnology are promising to improve FAW in the future.

Keywords

Climate changemolecular markersprosperitystresswell-being
Type
Review Article
Information
Animal Health Research Reviews , Volume 22 , Issue 2 , December 2021 , pp. 177 - 186
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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