Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-mp689 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-15T17:43:38.504Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Characterization of Palyam serogroup orbiviruses isolated in South Africa and serologic evidence for their widespread distribution in the country

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

T. Whistler ,
R. Swanepoel  and
B. J. Erasmus
T. Whistler
Affiliation:
Department of Virology, University of the Witwaterstrand and Special Pathogens Unit, National Institute for Virology, Sandringham 2131, Republic of South Africa
R. Swanepoel
Affiliation:
Department of Virology, University of the Witwaterstrand and Special Pathogens Unit, National Institute for Virology, Sandringham 2131, Republic of South Africa
B. J. Erasmus
Affiliation:
Veterinary Research Institute, Onderstepoort 0110, Republic of South Africa
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The finding that there had been multiple isolations of Palyam serogroup orbiviruses from aborted cattle fetuses in neighbouring Zimbabwe, suggested that there was a need to investigate the possible occurrence of the viruses in South Africa. Unidentified viruses isolated in South Africa, which had been in storage, were examined. Four viruses which had been isolated from Culicoides midges collected at various sites in the years from 1969 to 1977, were identified as three strains of Gweru virus and one of the Nyabira virus (Palyam group serotypes originally described from Zimbabwe) A fifth virus, isolated in 1967 from the blood of a cow with mild fever, was found to be a distinct new member of the Vellore antigenic complex of the Palyam serogroup and was named Apies River virus. Sera from 476 cattle, 150 sheep, 24 goats and 78 humans from 10 farms were tested for neutralizing antibodies to the above three serotypes of virus plus Abadina and Marondera serotypes. Only 1 of 100 cattle sera from two farms in the southern coastal area had antibody, but elsewhere there was a high prevalence of antibody with 254 (53%) of all cattle exhibiting activity for one or more of the five serotypes of virus tested. Only 6 (4%) sheep, 3 (12–5%) goats and 11 (14%) humans had antibody.

Type
Research Article
Information
Epidemiology & Infection , Volume 102 , Issue 2 , April 1989 , pp. 317 - 324
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1989

References

REFERENCES

Blackburn, N. K., Searle, L. & Phelps, R. J. (1985). Viruses isolated from Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) caught at the veterinary research farm, Mazowe, Zimbabwe. Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa 48, 331–336.Google Scholar
Blackburn, N. K. & Swanepoel, R., (1980). An investigation of flavivirus infections of cattle in Zimbabwe, Rhodesia with particular reference to Wesselsbron virus. Journal of Hygiene 85, 1–33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boiro, I., Lomonossov, N. N., Alexin, A. F., Bah, A. & Balde, C. (1986). Isolement d'un nouveau orbivirus ‘Kindia’ (Groupe Palyam). A partir de tigues Amblyomma variegatum en République de Guinée. Bulletin de la Société de Pathologie Exotique 79, 187–190.Google Scholar
Clarke, D. H. & Casals, J. (1958). Techniques for hemagglutination and hemagglutination-inhibition with arthropod-borne viruses. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 7, 561–573.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cybinski, D. H. & St George, T. D. (1982). Preliminary characterization of D'Aguilar virus and three Palyam group viruses new to Australia. Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 35, 343–351.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dandawate, C. N. (1974). Antigenic relationship among Palyam, Kasba and Vellore viruses — a new serogroup of arboviruses. Indian Journal of Medical Research 62, 326–331.Google ScholarPubMed
Johnson, K. M., Elliott, L. H. & Heymann, D. (1981). Preparation of polyvalent viral immunofluorescent intracellular antigens and use in human serosurveys. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 14, 527–529.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, V. H., Causey, O. R. & Moore, D. L. (1974). Bluetongue and related viruses in Ibadan, Nigeria: isolation and preliminary identification of viruses. American Journal of Veterinary Research 35, 1105–1108.Google ScholarPubMed
Moore, D. L. & Kemp, G. E. (1974). Bluetongue and related viruses in Ibadan, Nigeria: serological studies of domesticated and wild animals. American Journal of Veterinary Research 35, 1115–1120.Google ScholarPubMed
Myers, R. M., Carey, D. E., Reuben, R., Jesudass, E. S. & Shope, R. E. (1971). Vellore virus: a recently recognised agent of the Palyam group of arboviruses. Indian Journal of Medical Research 59, 1209–1213.Google Scholar
Salusso, J. F., Digoutte, J. P., Cornet, J. P., Heme, C., Herve, J. P., Gonzales, J. P. & Georges, A. J. (1982). Le virus Pétévo, un nouvel arbovirus du groupe Palyam isolé en République Centrafricaine a partir de la tique Amblyomma variegatum. Annales de Virologie, Institut Pasteur 133E, 215–221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sartorelli, A. C., Fischer, D. S. & Downs, W. G. (1966). Use of sarcoma 180/TG to prepare hyperimmune ascitic fluid in the mouse. Journal of Immunology 96, 679–682.Google ScholarPubMed
Swanepoel, R. & Blackburn, N. K. (1976). A new member of the Palyam serogroup of orbiviruses. Veterinary Record 99, 360.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Swanepoel, R., Struthers, J. K., Erasmus, M. J., Shepherd, S. P. & McGillivray, G. M. (1986). Comparison of techniques for demonstrating antibodies to Rift Valley Fever virus. Journal of Hygiene 97, 317–329.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Whistler, T. & Swanepoel, R. (1988). Characterization of potentially fetotropic Palyam serogroup orbiviruses isolated in Zimbabwe. Journal of General Virology 69, 2221–2227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar