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Epidemiological and molecular identification of Trypanosoma vivax diagnosed in cattle during outbreaks in central Brazil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 June 2020

Thiago Souza Azeredo Bastos ,
Adriana Marques Faria ,
Luiz Fellipe Monteiro Couto ,
João Eduardo Nicaretta ,
Alliny Souza de Assis Cavalcante ,
Dina Maria Beltrán Zapa ,
Lorena Lopes Ferreira Open the ORCID record for Lorena Lopes Ferreira [Opens in a new window] ,
Luciana Maffini Heller ,
Darling Mélany de Carvalho Madrid  and
Leonardo Bueno Cruvinel
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Thiago Souza Azeredo Bastos
Affiliation:
Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás – UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
Adriana Marques Faria
Affiliation:
Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás – UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
Luiz Fellipe Monteiro Couto
Affiliation:
Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás – UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
João Eduardo Nicaretta
Affiliation:
Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás – UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
Alliny Souza de Assis Cavalcante
Affiliation:
Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás – UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
Dina Maria Beltrán Zapa
Affiliation:
Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás – UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
Lorena Lopes Ferreira
Affiliation:
Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais – UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Luciana Maffini Heller
Affiliation:
Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás – UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
Darling Mélany de Carvalho Madrid
Affiliation:
Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás – UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
Leonardo Bueno Cruvinel
Affiliation:
Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás – UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
Gabriel Augusto Marques Rossi
Affiliation:
Centro Universitário Central Paulista (UNICEP) – Rua Miguel Petroni n.5111, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
Vando Edésio Soares
Affiliation:
Universidade Brasil – Campus de Descalvado, Descalvado, SP, Brazil
Fabiano Antônio Cadioli
Affiliation:
Departamento de Clínica, Cirurgia e Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista – Unesp, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes*
Affiliation:
Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás – UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás – UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes, E-mail: wdzlopes@hotmail.com
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Abstract

Bovine trypanosomosis has been spreading in Brazil. In the present study, we evaluated the spatial distribution, prevalence and risk factors of this disease in the state of Goiás, Brazil, and performed both molecular and phylogenetical analyses of Trypanosoma vivax. A total of 4049 blood samples were collected from cattle for a period of 2 years. The parasitological diagnosis was performed using the Woo method and a questionnaire was administered to the farmers to document risk factors associated with the disease in the herd. Positive samples were DNA sequenced and compared to GenBank codes. The prevalence of T. vivax was 8.84%, occurring on 24 ranches only in dairy cattle and mainly in the central and southern portions of the state. The acquisition of new animals infected with T. vivax and the administration of exogenous oxytocin to cows using the same syringe and needle were the main associated factors (P ≤ 0.05). After an outbreak, milk production decreased by 39.62%. The presence of biting flies (tabanids, Haematobia irritans and Stomoxys calcitrans) was not a risk factor (P > 0.05) for the occurrence of T. vivax. The epidemiological data demonstrate the importance of restricting the practice of auctions as well as eliminating the use of exogenous oxytocin in animals during milking. The samples tested by polymerase chain reaction were positive for T. vivax and were genetically homologous with T. vivax found in different states of Brazil and west Africa based on the 18S rRNA gene.

Keywords

Biting fliesepidemiologyiatrogenic routemolecular characterizationrisk factorstrypanosomosis
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 147 , Issue 12 , October 2020 , pp. 1313 - 1319
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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