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New perspectives on morphological and genetic variability of Corynosoma bullosum [Linstow, 1892] parasitizing southern elephant seals from the Antarctic Peninsula

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 June 2023

F.A. Soto Open the ORCID record for F.A. Soto [Opens in a new window] ,
S.M. Rodríguez Open the ORCID record for S.M. Rodríguez [Opens in a new window] ,
M.S. Leonardi Open the ORCID record for M.S. Leonardi [Opens in a new window] ,
J. Negrete Open the ORCID record for J. Negrete [Opens in a new window]  and
F. Cremonte Open the ORCID record for F. Cremonte [Opens in a new window]
F.A. Soto*
Affiliation:
Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos (IBIOMAR), CCT CONICET-CENPAT, Puerto Madryn, Boulevard Brown 2915, (U9120ACF) Puerto Madryn, Argentina
S.M. Rodríguez
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile Centro de Investigación en Recurso Naturales y Sustentabilidad (CIRENYS), Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago, Chile
M.S. Leonardi
Affiliation:
Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos (IBIOMAR), CCT CONICET-CENPAT, Puerto Madryn, Boulevard Brown 2915, (U9120ACF) Puerto Madryn, Argentina
J. Negrete
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biología de Predadores Tope, Instituto Antártico Argentino, Buenos Aires, Argentina Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
F. Cremonte
Affiliation:
Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos (IBIOMAR), CCT CONICET-CENPAT, Puerto Madryn, Boulevard Brown 2915, (U9120ACF) Puerto Madryn, Argentina
*
Corresponding author: Florencia A. Soto; Email: fsoto@cenpat-conicet.gob.ar
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Abstract

Previous descriptions of Corynosoma bullosum (Linstow, 1892) show that specimens vary greatly in the proportions of different body structures, measurements of females and males, number of rows of hooks, and egg measurements, among other features. We redescribe this species from specimens found in southern elephant seal faeces from King George Island. We also provide a molecular characterization, in addition to 5.8S and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) existing sequences. We examined 41 elephant seals, and 30 adult acanthocephalans were found in 15 of them. The specimens were identified as belonging to the genus Corynosoma due to each having a tubular body with an inflated anterior part forming a thorny disk and the posterior part bearing somatic spines on the ventral surface, and genital spines surrounding the genital pore. Individual morphology corresponded to C. bullosum: large size, marked sexual dimorphism, and proboscis with 16–18 rows of spines with 11–15 spines per row. The molecular profile of three specimens of C. bullosum was analysed using 18S rDNA. We inferred phylogenetic relationships of the family Polymorphidae using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. We provide an updated morphological redescription for C. bullosum including electron microscopy photographs and molecular data. The 18S gene sequences showed low genetic variation and supported that C. bullosum is a sister to Corynosoma australe.

Keywords

AcanthocephalaCorynosoma bullosum18SMirounga leoninePolymorphidae
Type
Short Communication
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 97 , 2023 , e45
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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