Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-p2v8j Total loading time: 0.001 Render date: 2024-05-16T01:54:24.525Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

On Protozoa Hyper-parasitic in Helminths, with some Observations on Nosema helminthorum Moniez, 1887*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 November 2009

A. S. Dissanaike
Affiliation:
From the Department of Parasitology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine**

Extract

1. The protozoa reported from animal-parasitic helminths are summarised in three tables, with a few comments on some of the more interesting forms.

2. The microsporidian found hyperparasitic in Moniezia expansa and M. benedeni of sheep in England, and Moniezia sp. from a buffalo calf in Pakistan has been found to be identical with Nosema helminthorum described by Moniez, 1887, Plistophora helminthophthora Labbé, 1899, and Nosema bischoffi, Weiser, 1951. The valid name for the organism is therefore Nosema helminthorum Moniez, 1887.

3. The macroscopic and microscopic changes in parasitized tapeworms have been described, and it is believed that the microsporidian is not pathogenic.

4. The host distribution and the geographical distribution of Nosetna helminthorum have been dealt with. This parasite has so far been reported from France, Germany, Yugoslavia, Great Britain and Pakistan, and it is likely that, it will eventually be reported from other countries in which Moniezia is present.

Type
Research Papers
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1957

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Becker, E. R., 1933.—“Two observations on helminths. 1. Trichomonas muris in the egg of the nematode Syphacia obvelata.” Trans. Amer. micr. Soc. 52, 361362. (W.L. 21400).Google Scholar
Bischoff, Th., 1855.—“Ueber Ei- und Samenbildung und Befruchtung bei Ascaris mystax.” Z. wiss Zool. 6, 377405. (W.L. 23635).Google Scholar
Brumpt, E., 1922.—Précis de parasitologic. 3 e edit. Masson, Paris, p. 336.Google Scholar
Brumpt, E. and Lavier, G., 1936.—“Sur l'hyperparasitisme d'Opalines par des Amibes.” Ann. Parasit. hum. comp. 14, 349358. (W.L. 899a).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Callot, J., 1942.—“Sur un nouveaux cas de paraneoxenie.” Ann. Parasit. hum. comp. 19,5152. (W.L. 899a).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caullery, M. and Chappelier, A., 1906.—“Annrosporidium pelseneeri n.g., n.sp., Haplosporidie infcctant les sporocystes d'un Trematode parasite de Donax trunculus L.” C. R. Soc. Biol. Paris. 58, 325328. (W.L. 6630).Google Scholar
Chitwood, B. G. and Chitwood, M. B., 1938.—An introduction to Nematology. Sect. I Pt. I. p. 106.Google Scholar
Desowitz, R., 1950.—“Protozoan hyperparasitism of Helerakis gallinae.” Nature, Lond. 165, 10231024. (W.L. 14900).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Desowitz, R., 1950a.—“Enterohepatitis (Blackhead) of Turkeys.” Trans. R. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg. 44, 23. (W.L. 21671).Google Scholar
Desowitz, R., 1951.—“Researches on Histomoniasis (Blackhead) of Fowl.” Ph.D. Thesis, Lond. Univ.Google Scholar
De Turk, W. E., 1940.—“The occurrence and development of a hyperparasite Urosporidium crescens sp. nov. (Sporozoa, Haplosporidea) which infests the Metacercariae of Spelotrema nicolli parasitic in Callinectes sapidus.” J. Elisha Mitchell, set. Soc. 56, 231232. (W.L. 11179).Google Scholar
Dissanaike, A. S., 1954.—“Giardia ovis in the intestine of Nematodirus filicollis—a paraneoxenous association.” Riv. Parassit. 15, 381390. (W.L. 19442a).Google Scholar
Dissanaike, A. S., 1955.—“Emergence of the sporoplasm in Nosenta helminthorum.” Nature. Lond. 175, 10021003. (W.L. 14900).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dissanaike, A. S., 1955, a.—“Microsporidian infections in tapeworms: instances of hyperparasitism.” (Demonstration) Trans. R. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg. 49, 294295. (W.L. 21671)Google Scholar
Dollfus, R. Ph., 1912.—“Une metacercaire margaritigene parasite de Donax villains Da Costa.” Mem. Soc. zool. Fr. 25, 85144. (W.L. 13343).Google Scholar
Dollfus, R. Ph., 1923.—“Sur une sporozoaire parasite de cestode.” Ann. Parasit. hum. comp. 1, 201202. (W.L. 899a).Google Scholar
Dollfus, R. Ph., 1925.—“Liste critique des cercaires marines à queue sétigère signalées jusqu'à présent.” Trav. Sta. zool. Wimereux. 9, 4365. (W.L. 2176f).Google Scholar
Dollfus, R. Ph., 1943.—“Hyperparasitisme et castration parasitaire par une Sporozoaire chez un Cestode.” C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris 217, 270272. (W.L. 6028).Google Scholar
Dollfus, R. Ph., 1946.—“Parasites (animaux et végétaux) des Helminthes.” Encyclo pedic Biologique. 27, Paris.Google Scholar
Giard, A., 1897.—“Sur un Distome (Brachycoelium sp.) parasite des Pélé-cypodes.” C. R. Soc. Biol. Paris. 49, 950957. (W.L. 6630).Google Scholar
Graham, G. L., 1935.—“Giardia infections in a Nematode from cattle.” J. Parasit. 21, 127128. (W.L. 11428)Google Scholar
Graybill, H. W. and Smith, T.. 1920.—“Production- of Fatal Blackhead in Turkeys by feeding embryonated eggs of Helerakis papulosa.” J. txp. Med. 31,647655. (W.L. 11189).Google Scholar
Guvénot, E. and Naville, A., 1920.—“Sur un Sporozoaire de la couleuvre, vraisemblablement inoculé par un Trematode parasite.” C. R. Soc. Biol. Paris. 33, 965966. (W.L. 6630).Google Scholar
Guvénot, E. and Naville, A. 1922.—“Recherches sur le parasitisme et l'évolution d'une Microsporidie, Glugea danilewskyi L. Pfr. parasite de la couleuvre.” Rev. Suisse. Zool. 30, 161. (W.L. 19288).Google Scholar
Guyénot, E. and Naville, A., 1924.—“Glugea encyclometrae n.sp. et G. ghigii n.sp. parasites de Platodes et leur déVeloppment dans l'hôte vertébré (Tropidonoltis natrix L.)Rev. Suisse Zool. 31, 75115. (W.L. 19288).Google Scholar
Guyénot, E., Naville, A. and Ponse, K., 1922.—“Une larve de Cestode parasitée par une Microsporidie.” C. R. Soc. Biol. Paris. 87, 635637. (W.L. 0630)Google Scholar
Guyénot, E., Naville, A. and Ponse, K. 1925.—“Deux Microsporidies parasites de Trematodes.” Rev. Suisse Zool. 31, 399421. (W.L. 19288).Google Scholar
Guyénot, E., 1943.—“Sur une Haplosporidie, parasite dans un sporocyste de la Pholade, Barnea Candida L.” Rev. Suisse Zool. 50, 283286. (W.L. 19288).Google Scholar
Hazard, F. O., 1941.—“The absence of opalinids from the adult green frog, Rana clamitans.” J. Parasit., 27, 513516. (W.L. 11428).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hughes, R. C., 1941.—The Taeniae of Yesterday.” Bull. Okla. agric. Exp. Sta. 38, (16) 183. (W.L. 4731).Google Scholar
Hunninen, A. V. and Wichterman, R., 1938.—“Hyperparasitism: a species of Hexamita (Protozoa, Mastigophora) found in the reproductive systems of Deropristis inflata (Trematoda) from marine eels.” J. Parasit. 24, 95101. (W.L. 11428).Google Scholar
Hurst, C. T., 1923.—“Cercaria gunnisoni, a new Xiphidio-cercaria from Colorado.” Bull. West. State Coll. Colorado. 12, 116.Google Scholar
Jameson, H. L., 1902.—“On the Origin of Pearls.” Proc. zool. Soc. Loud. 1, 140166. (W.L. 16969b).Google Scholar
Jones, A. W., 1942.—“Stempellia moniczi n.sp., a microsporidian (Protozoa, Sporozoa) parasite of cestodes (Abstract).” J. Parasit. 28, Supplement p. 10. (W.L. 11428).Google Scholar
Jones, A. W., 1943.—“A further description of Stempellia moniezi Jones, 1942, a microsporidian parasite (Nosematidae) of cestodes.” J. Parasit. 29, 373378. (W.L. 11428).Google Scholar
Keferstein, W., 1862.—“Ueber parasitische Pilze aus Ascaris mystax.” Z. wiss. Zool. 11, 135137. (W.L. 23635).Google Scholar
Kobayashi, H., 1920.—“On some Digenetic Trematodes in Japan.” Parasitology, 12, 380410 (402). (W.L. 16035).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kudo, R. R. and Hetherington, D. C., 1922.—“Notes on a microsporidian parasite of a Nematode.” J. Parasit. 8, 129132. (W.L. 11428).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Labbé, A., 1899.—Sporozoa. Das Tierreich, Lief. 5, p.ll. Berlin.Google Scholar
Léger, L., 1897.—“Sur la présence de Glugeidées chez les Distomes parasites des Pélécypodes.” C. R. Soc. Biol. Paris. 49, 957958. (W.L. 6630).Google Scholar
Lutz, A. and Splendors, A., 1908.—“Ueber Pebrine und verwandte Mikrosporidien.” Zbl. Bakt. 46, 311315. (W.L. 23684).Google Scholar
Manter, H. W., 1930.—“Studies on the Trematodes of Tortugas Fishes.” Yearb. Carneg. Instn. 29, 338340. (W.L. 23170).Google Scholar
Martin, W. E., 1936.—“A Sporozoan parasite of larval Trematodes.” J. Parasit. 22, 536. (W.L. 11428).Google Scholar
Moniez, R., 1879.—“Note sur des Parasites des Helminthes.” Bull. sci. Debt. Nord. 2, 304.Google Scholar
Moniez, R., 1887.—“Observations pour la revision des microsporidies.” C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris. 104, 13121314. (W.L. 6628).Google Scholar
Munk, H., 1858.—“Ueber Ei—und Samenbildung und Befruchtung bei den Nematoden.” Z. wiss. Zool. 9, 365416. (W.L. 23635).Google Scholar
Pintner, T., 1909.—“Das ursprüngliche Hinterende einiger Rhynchobothrien-ketten.” Arb. zool. Inst. Univ. Wien. 18, 113132. (W.L. 1683).Google Scholar
Sambon, L. W., 1926.—“Observations and Research on the Epidemiology of Cancer made in Holland and Italy (May–Sept. 1925)J. trop. Med. (Hyg.) 29, 233287 (280). (W.L. 11587).Google Scholar
Shipley, A. E., 1909.—“The threadworms (Nematoda) of the Red Grouse (Lagopus scoticus).” Proc. zool. Soc. 1, 335350 (340). (W.L. 16969b)Google Scholar
Skrjabin, K. I., 1923.—(The Fifth Russian Helminthological Expedition to Turkestan 28/VI—11/XI 1921). Trudy Gosudarstv. Inst. Eksper. Vet. 1, 1247. (In Russian, quoted from Dollfus. 1946).Google Scholar
Skrjabin, K. I., 1927.—(The 5th Russian Helminthological Expedition to Turkestan 28/VI—11/XI 1921). Deiat. 28. Gel'mint. Eksped. SSR. pp. 4092. (In Russian, quoted from Dollfus, 1946).Google Scholar
Steiner, G., 1926.—“Remarks on the parasites of Mermithids.” J. Parasit. 12, 181. (W.L. 11428).Google Scholar
Theiler, H. and Farber, S. M., 1933.—“Trichomonas muris parasitic in Oxyu-rids of the White Mouse.” J. Parasit. 19, 169. (W.L. 11428).Google Scholar
Theiler, H. and Farber, S. M., 1936.—“Trichomonas muris parasitic in the Oxyurid Nematodes Aspiculuris tetraptera and Syphacia obvelata from White Mice.” Parasitology. 28, 149160. (W.L. 16035).Google Scholar
Thomson, J. G., 1925.—“A Giardia parasitic in a Bursate Nematode living in the Viscacha.” Protozoology. 1, 16.Google Scholar
Tyzzer, E. E., 1934.—“Studies on Histomoniasis or ‘Blackhead’ infection in the chicken and the turkey.” Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci. 69, 189264. (W.L. 16599).Google Scholar
Walter, G., 1858.—“Fernere Beitrage zur Anatomie und Physiologie von Oxyuris ornata.” Z. wiss. Zool. 9, 485495. (W.L. 23635).Google Scholar
Weiser, J., 1951.—“A contribution to the knowledge of the microsporidia of Parasitic Helminths.” Mém. Soc. zool. tchécosl. 15, 7984. (W.L. 22472a).Google Scholar
Weissenberg, R., 1926.—“Microsporidien aus Tipulidenlarven (Nosema binucleatum n.sp., Thelohania tipulae n.sp.)”. Arch. Protistenk. 54, 431467. (W.L. 1798).Google Scholar