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PHOSPHORUS AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION OF SOYBEAN IN THE NIGERIAN SAVANNA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2011

ALPHA Y. KAMARA ,
FRIDAY EKELEME ,
LUCKY O. OMOIGUI  and
HAKEEM A. AJEIGBE
ALPHA Y. KAMARA*
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
FRIDAY EKELEME
Affiliation:
College of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, P.M.B 7267, Umuaia, Abia State, Nigeria
LUCKY O. OMOIGUI
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Science, College of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, PMB 2373, Benue-Nigeria
HAKEEM A. AJEIGBE
Affiliation:
International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Kano, Nigeria
*
‡Corresponding author. C/o L.W. Lambourn & Co., Carolyn House, 26 Dingwall Road, Croydon CR93 EE, UK. E-mail a.kamara@cgiar.org
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Summary

Soybean (Glycine max) is a major cash crop in the savannas of Nigeria although productivity is typically constrained by poor soil fertility. The objective of this research was to determine the interactive effect of N and P on soybean productivity in the northern Guinea and Sudan savannas of northeast Nigeria. Experiments were conducted using locally adapted early and late maturing cultivars. Two rates of N and three rates of P fertilizer were also compared at both sites over two years. At both sites, pods plant−1 and seed yield were higher in 2006 than in 2007, possibly due to better rainfall distribution in 2006. Nitrogen fertilizer had no significant effect on seed yield or pods plant−1. Application of P fertilizer increased pods plant−1 by 40–66%. Averaged across site and year, seed yield with no P was 1057.2 kg ha−1 while yield with 20 and 40 kg ha−1 P were 1941.0 kg ha−1 and 2371.5 kg ha−1, respectively. No significant interaction effect between N and P fertilizer on seed yield and pods plant−1 was observed. The late maturing cultivar yielded less than the earlier maturity group cultivar in 2007 likely due to moisture stress. For optimum seed yield 40 kg of P fertilizer ha−1 is recommended for soybean production in both locations. Our results suggest that N fertilizer is not critical for soybean production in this area.

Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 48 , Issue 1 , January 2012 , pp. 39 - 48
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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